Biomaterial Database

cDNA cloning of canine adrenomedullin and its gene expression in the heart and blood vessels in endotoxin shock. 1998

Y Ono, and M Kojima, and K Okada, and K Kangawa

Department of Biochemistry, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Suita, Osaka, Japan.

Adrenomedullin (AM) is a potent vasorelaxing peptide isolated from human pheochromocytoma. It is proposed that AM dilates the blood vessels by autocrine or paracrine mechanisms. Our investigation concerned whether the vasodilating function of AM accounts for the hypotension occurring in endotoxin shock. The effect of endotoxin shock on AM gene expression in the cardiovascular system was probed using a canine model. The cDNA encoding the AM precursor in dogs was isolated from cDNA libraries of the adrenal gland and was sequenced. The canine AM precursor is constituted of 188 amino acids and its AM consists of 52 amino acids, similar to human and porcine AM. The dogs were injected intravenously with 2 mg/kg of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) after being anesthetized and intubated. After 4 h, we collected whole blood, the large and small blood vessels, and the heart from our canine model of endotoxin shock, and extracted RNA from those tissues for Northern blot analysis. In the endotoxin shock model, the mRNA levels of the AM had increased in almost all of the blood vessels. These results suggest that AM may dilate the blood vessels systemically, even if AM acts as a local modulator of vascular tone. In addition, the plasma concentrations of the AM were high enough to allow for AM to act as a vasodilating hormone. Consequently, AM may be one of the factors facilitating severe hypotension complicated with endotoxin shock.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009206	Myocardium	The muscle tissue of the HEART. It is composed of striated, involuntary muscle cells (MYOCYTES, CARDIAC) connected to form the contractile pump to generate blood flow.	Muscle, Cardiac,Muscle, Heart,Cardiac Muscle,Myocardia,Cardiac Muscles,Heart Muscle,Heart Muscles,Muscles, Cardiac,Muscles, Heart
D010455	Peptides	Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS.	Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D001808	Blood Vessels	Any of the tubular vessels conveying the blood (arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, and veins).	Blood Vessel,Vessel, Blood,Vessels, Blood
D003001	Cloning, Molecular	The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells.	Molecular Cloning
D004285	Dogs	The domestic dog, Canis familiaris, comprising about 400 breeds, of the carnivore family CANIDAE. They are worldwide in distribution and live in association with people. (Walker's Mammals of the World, 5th ed, p1065)	Canis familiaris,Dog
D005260	Female		Females
D005786	Gene Expression Regulation	Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation.	Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein