Radial echo-planar imaging. 1998

A C Silva, and E L Barbier, and I J Lowe, and A P Koretsky
Pittsburgh NMR Center for Biomedical Research, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15213, USA.

A new ultrafast magnetic resonance imaging pulse sequence named radial echo-planar imaging (rEPI) is introduced. The sequence is based on a modification of the echo-planar imaging (EPI) sequence to scan k-space radially, in an attempt to combine the speed of EPI with the benefits of radial sampling. Like in EPI, all the desired lines in k-space are scanned consecutively in opposite directions. The unique feature of this new sequence, however, is that the orientation of the readout gradient is incrementally rotated, so that all the echoes are refocused through the center of k-space. Therefore, rEPI data are acquired in a polar grid, and image reconstruction can be done either by means of filtered back-projection or by regridding the data to a Cartesian matrix followed by 2D Fourier transform. First results show that rEPI images can be acquired with the same speed and signal-to-noise ratio of EPI images. rEPI images are also shown to be less sensitive to off-resonance effects than EPI images. Further studies are underway to investigate the usefulness of rEPI for spectroscopic imaging and applications affected by motion.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007091 Image Processing, Computer-Assisted A technique of inputting two-dimensional or three-dimensional images into a computer and then enhancing or analyzing the imagery into a form that is more useful to the human observer. Biomedical Image Processing,Computer-Assisted Image Processing,Digital Image Processing,Image Analysis, Computer-Assisted,Image Reconstruction,Medical Image Processing,Analysis, Computer-Assisted Image,Computer-Assisted Image Analysis,Computer Assisted Image Analysis,Computer Assisted Image Processing,Computer-Assisted Image Analyses,Image Analyses, Computer-Assisted,Image Analysis, Computer Assisted,Image Processing, Biomedical,Image Processing, Computer Assisted,Image Processing, Digital,Image Processing, Medical,Image Processings, Medical,Image Reconstructions,Medical Image Processings,Processing, Biomedical Image,Processing, Digital Image,Processing, Medical Image,Processings, Digital Image,Processings, Medical Image,Reconstruction, Image,Reconstructions, Image
D010938 Plant Oils Oils derived from plants or plant products. Oils, Plant,Oils, Vegetable,Plant Oil,Vegetable Oil,Vegetable Oils,Oil, Plant,Oil, Vegetable
D005583 Fourier Analysis Analysis based on the mathematical function first formulated by Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Fourier in 1807. The function, known as the Fourier transform, describes the sinusoidal pattern of any fluctuating pattern in the physical world in terms of its amplitude and its phase. It has broad applications in biomedicine, e.g., analysis of the x-ray crystallography data pivotal in identifying the double helical nature of DNA and in analysis of other molecules, including viruses, and the modified back-projection algorithm universally used in computerized tomography imaging, etc. (From Segen, The Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992) Fourier Series,Fourier Transform,Analysis, Cyclic,Analysis, Fourier,Cyclic Analysis,Analyses, Cyclic,Cyclic Analyses,Series, Fourier,Transform, Fourier
D000069463 Olive Oil Oil extracted from fruit of the OLIVE TREE (genus Olea). Olive Oils,Oil, Olive,Oils, Olive
D012680 Sensitivity and Specificity Binary classification measures to assess test results. Sensitivity or recall rate is the proportion of true positives. Specificity is the probability of correctly determining the absence of a condition. (From Last, Dictionary of Epidemiology, 2d ed) Specificity,Sensitivity,Specificity and Sensitivity
D014867 Water A clear, odorless, tasteless liquid that is essential for most animal and plant life and is an excellent solvent for many substances. The chemical formula is hydrogen oxide (H2O). (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) Hydrogen Oxide
D017352 Echo-Planar Imaging A type of MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING that uses only one nuclear spin excitation per image and therefore can obtain images in a fraction of a second rather than the minutes required in traditional MRI techniques. It is used in a variety of medical and scientific applications. MR Tomography, Echo-Planar,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Echo-Planar,Echo-Planar MR Tomography,Echo-Planar Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Echoplanar Imaging,Echoplanar MR Tomography,Echoplanar Magnetic Resonance Imaging,MR Tomography, Echoplanar,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Echoplanar,Echo Planar Imaging,Echo Planar MR Tomography,Echo Planar Magnetic Resonance Imaging,Echo-Planar Imagings,Echo-Planar MR Tomographies,Echoplanar Imagings,Echoplanar MR Tomographies,Imaging, Echo-Planar,Imaging, Echoplanar,Imagings, Echo-Planar,Imagings, Echoplanar,MR Tomographies, Echo-Planar,MR Tomographies, Echoplanar,MR Tomography, Echo Planar,Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Echo Planar,Tomographies, Echo-Planar MR,Tomographies, Echoplanar MR,Tomography, Echo-Planar MR,Tomography, Echoplanar MR
D019047 Phantoms, Imaging Devices or objects in various imaging techniques used to visualize or enhance visualization by simulating conditions encountered in the procedure. Phantoms are used very often in procedures employing or measuring x-irradiation or radioactive material to evaluate performance. Phantoms often have properties similar to human tissue. Water demonstrates absorbing properties similar to normal tissue, hence water-filled phantoms are used to map radiation levels. Phantoms are used also as teaching aids to simulate real conditions with x-ray or ultrasonic machines. (From Iturralde, Dictionary and Handbook of Nuclear Medicine and Clinical Imaging, 1990) Phantoms, Radiographic,Phantoms, Radiologic,Radiographic Phantoms,Radiologic Phantoms,Phantom, Radiographic,Phantom, Radiologic,Radiographic Phantom,Radiologic Phantom,Imaging Phantom,Imaging Phantoms,Phantom, Imaging
D019344 Lactic Acid A normal intermediate in the fermentation (oxidation, metabolism) of sugar. The concentrated form is used internally to prevent gastrointestinal fermentation. (From Stedman, 26th ed) Lactate,2-Hydroxypropanoic Acid,2-Hydroxypropionic Acid,Ammonium Lactate,D-Lactic Acid,L-Lactic Acid,Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2R)-,Propanoic Acid, 2-Hydroxy-, (2S)-,Sarcolactic Acid,2 Hydroxypropanoic Acid,2 Hydroxypropionic Acid,D Lactic Acid,L Lactic Acid,Lactate, Ammonium

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