Biomaterial Database

Beta-carotene with vitamins E and C offers synergistic cell protection against NOx. 1998

F Böhm, and R Edge, and D J McGarvey, and T G Truscott

Department of Dermatology (Charité), Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany.

The peroxynitrite anion and the nitrogen dioxide (radical) are important toxic species which can arise in vivo from nitric oxide. Both in vivo and in vitro cell protection is demonstrated for beta-carotene in the presence of vitamin E and vitamin C. A synergistic protection is observed compared to the individual anti-oxidants and this is explained in terms of an electron transfer reaction in which the beta-carotene radical is repaired by vitamin C.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008214	Lymphocytes	White blood cells formed in the body's lymphoid tissue. The nucleus is round or ovoid with coarse, irregularly clumped chromatin while the cytoplasm is typically pale blue with azurophilic (if any) granules. Most lymphocytes can be classified as either T or B (with subpopulations of each), or NATURAL KILLER CELLS.	Lymphoid Cells,Cell, Lymphoid,Cells, Lymphoid,Lymphocyte,Lymphoid Cell
D009566	Nitrates	Inorganic or organic salts and esters of nitric acid. These compounds contain the NO3- radical.	Nitrate
D009585	Nitrogen Dioxide	Nitrogen oxide (NO2). A highly poisonous gas. Exposure produces inflammation of lungs that may only cause slight pain or pass unnoticed, but resulting edema several days later may cause death. (From Merck, 11th ed) It is a major atmospheric pollutant that is able to absorb UV light that does not reach the earth's surface.	Nitrogen Peroxide,Dioxide, Nitrogen,Peroxide, Nitrogen
D002470	Cell Survival	The span of viability of a cell characterized by the capacity to perform certain functions such as metabolism, growth, reproduction, some form of responsiveness, and adaptability.	Cell Viability,Cell Viabilities,Survival, Cell,Viabilities, Cell,Viability, Cell
D004357	Drug Synergism	The action of a drug in promoting or enhancing the effectiveness of another drug.	Drug Potentiation,Drug Augmentation,Augmentation, Drug,Augmentations, Drug,Drug Augmentations,Drug Potentiations,Drug Synergisms,Potentiation, Drug,Potentiations, Drug,Synergism, Drug,Synergisms, Drug
D005609	Free Radicals	Highly reactive molecules with an unsatisfied electron valence pair. Free radicals are produced in both normal and pathological processes. Free radicals include reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). They are proven or suspected agents of tissue damage in a wide variety of circumstances including radiation, damage from environment chemicals, and aging. Natural and pharmacological prevention of free radical damage is being actively investigated.	Free Radical
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000975	Antioxidants	Naturally occurring or synthetic substances that inhibit or retard oxidation reactions. They counteract the damaging effects of oxidation in animal tissues.	Anti-Oxidant,Antioxidant,Antioxidant Activity,Endogenous Antioxidant,Endogenous Antioxidants,Anti-Oxidant Effect,Anti-Oxidant Effects,Anti-Oxidants,Antioxidant Effect,Antioxidant Effects,Activity, Antioxidant,Anti Oxidant,Anti Oxidant Effect,Anti Oxidant Effects,Anti Oxidants,Antioxidant, Endogenous,Antioxidants, Endogenous
D001205	Ascorbic Acid	A six carbon compound related to glucose. It is found naturally in citrus fruits and many vegetables. Ascorbic acid is an essential nutrient in human diets, and necessary to maintain connective tissue and bone. Its biologically active form, vitamin C, functions as a reducing agent and coenzyme in several metabolic pathways. Vitamin C is considered an antioxidant.	Vitamin C,Ascorbic Acid, Monosodium Salt,Ferrous Ascorbate,Hybrin,L-Ascorbic Acid,Magnesium Ascorbate,Magnesium Ascorbicum,Magnesium di-L-Ascorbate,Magnorbin,Sodium Ascorbate,Acid, Ascorbic,Acid, L-Ascorbic,Ascorbate, Ferrous,Ascorbate, Magnesium,Ascorbate, Sodium,L Ascorbic Acid,Magnesium di L Ascorbate,di-L-Ascorbate, Magnesium
D014810	Vitamin E	A generic descriptor for all TOCOPHEROLS and TOCOTRIENOLS that exhibit ALPHA-TOCOPHEROL activity. By virtue of the phenolic hydrogen on the 2H-1-benzopyran-6-ol nucleus, these compounds exhibit varying degree of antioxidant activity, depending on the site and number of methyl groups and the type of ISOPRENOIDS.

Related Publications

F Böhm, and R Edge, and D J McGarvey, and T G Truscott

Antioxidant functions of vitamins. Vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids.

September 1992, Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences,

F Böhm, and R Edge, and D J McGarvey, and T G Truscott

Vitamins E and C, beta-carotene, and other carotenoids as antioxidants.

December 1995, The American journal of clinical nutrition,

F Böhm, and R Edge, and D J McGarvey, and T G Truscott

The role of vitamins A, beta-carotene, E and C in cancer cell biology.

January 1994, International journal for vitamin and nutrition research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Vitamin- und Ernahrungsforschung. Journal international de vitaminologie et de nutrition,

F Böhm, and R Edge, and D J McGarvey, and T G Truscott

[Effects of vitamins E, C and beta-carotene on DNA damage].

January 1999, Zhonghua yu fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese journal of preventive medicine],

F Böhm, and R Edge, and D J McGarvey, and T G Truscott

[Vitamins B, C and beta carotene].

November 1998, Soins. Gerontologie,

F Böhm, and R Edge, and D J McGarvey, and T G Truscott

[Level of vitamins C, A, E and beta carotene in patients with progressive polyarthritis].

January 1973, Sbornik vedeckych praci Lekarske fakulty Karlovy univerzity v Hradci Kralove. Supplementum,

F Böhm, and R Edge, and D J McGarvey, and T G Truscott

Mitomycin C-activity effected by vitamins B1, C, E and beta-carotene under irradiation with gamma-rays.

January 2003, Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences,