Biomaterial Database

Structure-activity relationships of saponins and cardiac glycosides. III. Beta-L-xylopyranosyl-(1-->6)-alpha- and -beta-D-glucopyranosides. 1998

M Takechi, and C Uno, and Y Tanaka

Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Higashiosaka, Osaka, Japan.

Comparisons of the biological activities of diosgenyl, methyl glycyrrhetinate or digitoxigenyl 3-O-beta-L-xylopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranoside with those of other previously tested glycosides confirmed our assumption that both the hemolytic and antifungal activities of steroid saponins are generally parallel to each other, while almost all hemolytic triterpenoid saponins and nonhemolytic ones have no antifungal activity, and that cardiac diglycosides having a (1-->4) sugar linkage have stronger activities than those with a (1-->6) or a (1-->2) linkage. On the other hand, the case of the diosgenyl 3-O-beta-L-xylopyranosyl-(1-->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside didn't conform to the above assumption, but those of methyl glycyrrhetinate and digitoxigenyl did.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002301	Cardiac Glycosides	Cyclopentanophenanthrenes with a 5- or 6-membered lactone ring attached at the 17-position and SUGARS attached at the 3-position. Plants they come from have long been used in congestive heart failure. They increase the force of cardiac contraction without significantly affecting other parameters, but are very toxic at larger doses. Their mechanism of action usually involves inhibition of the NA(+)-K(+)-EXCHANGING ATPASE and they are often used in cell biological studies for that purpose.	Cardiac Glycoside,Cardiotonic Steroid,Cardiotonic Steroids,Glycoside, Cardiac,Glycosides, Cardiac,Steroid, Cardiotonic,Steroids, Cardiotonic
D004073	Digitoxigenin	3 beta,14-Dihydroxy-5 beta-card-20(22)enolide. A cardenolide which is the aglycon of digitoxin. Synonyms: Cerberigenin; Echujetin; Evonogenin; Thevetigenin.	Uzarigenin
D004144	Diosgenin	A spirostan found in DIOSCOREA and other plants. The 25S isomer is called yamogenin. Solasodine is a natural derivative formed by replacing the spiro-ring with a nitrogen, which can rearrange to SOLANINE.
D006034	Glycyrrhetinic Acid	An oleanolic acid from GLYCYRRHIZA that has some antiallergic, antibacterial, and antiviral properties. It is used topically for allergic or infectious skin inflammation and orally for its aldosterone effects in electrolyte regulation.	Enoxolone,Glycyrrhetic Acid,Rhetinic Acid,Uralenic Acid,Arthrodont,Glyciram,Glycyram,Jintan,Po 12,12, Po,Acid, Glycyrrhetic,Acid, Glycyrrhetinic,Acid, Rhetinic,Acid, Uralenic
D006461	Hemolysis	The destruction of ERYTHROCYTES by many different causal agents such as antibodies, bacteria, chemicals, temperature, and changes in tonicity.	Haemolysis,Extravascular Hemolysis,Intravascular Hemolysis,Extravascular Hemolyses,Haemolyses,Hemolyses, Extravascular,Hemolyses, Intravascular,Hemolysis, Extravascular,Hemolysis, Intravascular,Intravascular Hemolyses
D000251	Adenosine Triphosphatases	A group of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of ATP. The hydrolysis reaction is usually coupled with another function such as transporting Ca(2+) across a membrane. These enzymes may be dependent on Ca(2+), Mg(2+), anions, H+, or DNA.	ATPases,Adenosinetriphosphatase,ATPase,ATPase, DNA-Dependent,Adenosine Triphosphatase,DNA-Dependent ATPase,DNA-Dependent Adenosinetriphosphatases,ATPase, DNA Dependent,Adenosinetriphosphatases, DNA-Dependent,DNA Dependent ATPase,DNA Dependent Adenosinetriphosphatases,Triphosphatase, Adenosine
D000935	Antifungal Agents	Substances that destroy fungi by suppressing their ability to grow or reproduce. They differ from FUNGICIDES, INDUSTRIAL because they defend against fungi present in human or animal tissues.	Anti-Fungal Agents,Antifungal Agent,Fungicides, Therapeutic,Antibiotics, Antifungal,Therapeutic Fungicides,Agent, Antifungal,Anti Fungal Agents,Antifungal Antibiotics
D000998	Antiviral Agents	Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.	Antiviral,Antiviral Agent,Antiviral Drug,Antivirals,Antiviral Drugs,Agent, Antiviral,Agents, Antiviral,Drug, Antiviral,Drugs, Antiviral
D012503	Saponins	A type of glycoside widely distributed in plants. Each consists of a sapogenin as the aglycone moiety, and a sugar. The sapogenin may be a steroid or a triterpene and the sugar may be glucose, galactose, a pentose, or a methylpentose.	Saponin
D013329	Structure-Activity Relationship	The relationship between the chemical structure of a compound and its biological or pharmacological activity. Compounds are often classed together because they have structural characteristics in common including shape, size, stereochemical arrangement, and distribution of functional groups.	Relationship, Structure-Activity,Relationships, Structure-Activity,Structure Activity Relationship,Structure-Activity Relationships