Biomaterial Database

Potyvirus aphid transmission requires helper component and homologous coat protein for maximal efficiency. 1998

S Flasinski, and B G Cassidy

Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma, USA.

Aphid transmission of potyviruses depends on the presence of specific sequence domains in two virus encoded proteins, the coat protein (CP) and helper component-proteinase (HC-Pro). Aphid transmissable peanut stripe virus (PStV), like most potyviruses, has an Asp-Ala-Gly (DAG) motif in the amino-terminal part of the CP. Peanut Mottle Virus (PeMoV) was determined to be highly aphid transmissible but has a unique Asp-Ala-Ala-Ala (DAAA) motif. To determine if the DAAA motif could functionally replace the DAG motif in PStV, mutations were made in a full-length cDNA clone of PStV. All of the mutations in the CP DAG motif abolished aphid transmissibility of PStV but did not affect virus infectivity. The aphid transmissibility of the PStV-DAAA mutant was partially restored by feeding aphids an artificial diet containing purified virus and PeMoV HC-Pro. The PStV-DAAA virus was poorly transmitted by aphids in vitro with HC-Pro purified from PStV or tobacco vein mottling virus (TVMV) infected plants. These experiments support the theory that specific HC-Pro/CP interactions are required for efficient aphid transmission. Based upon the sequence comparisons of 16 potyviral HC-Pro proteins several conserved motifs and striking differences have been identified. PeMoV was determined to have an Ala-Ser-Cys (ASC) HC-Pro motif instead of a highly conserved Cys-Cys-Cys (CCC) motif. We have predicted that this CCC motif could play an important role in the specific interaction between the HC-Pro and the CP DAG motif.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007303	Insect Vectors	Insects that transmit infective organisms from one host to another or from an inanimate reservoir to an animate host.	Insect Vector,Vector, Insect,Vectors, Insect
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D010367	Arachis	A plant genus of the family FABACEAE that includes peanuts.	Arachis hypogaea,Peanuts,Peanut
D010935	Plant Diseases	Diseases of plants.	Disease, Plant,Diseases, Plant,Plant Disease
D010947	Plants, Toxic	Plants or plant parts which are harmful to man or other animals.	Plants, Poisonous,Plant, Poisonous,Plant, Toxic,Poisonous Plant,Poisonous Plants,Toxic Plant,Toxic Plants
D002213	Capsid	The outer protein protective shell of a virus, which protects the viral nucleic acid. Capsids are composed of repeating units (capsomers or capsomeres) of CAPSID PROTEINS which when assembled together form either an icosahedral or helical shape.	Procapsid,Prohead,Capsids,Procapsids,Proheads
D003546	Cysteine Endopeptidases	ENDOPEPTIDASES which have a cysteine involved in the catalytic process. This group of enzymes is inactivated by CYSTEINE PROTEINASE INHIBITORS such as CYSTATINS and SULFHYDRYL REAGENTS.
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001042	Aphids	A family (Aphididae) of small insects, in the suborder Sternorrhyncha, that suck the juices of plants. Important genera include Schizaphis and Myzus. The latter is known to carry more than 100 virus diseases between plants.	Aphididae,Lice, Plant,Myzus,Plant Lice,Schizaphis,Louse, Plant,Plant Louse,Aphid,Lices, Plant,Louses, Plant,Plant Lices,Plant Louses,Schizaphi