Biomaterial Database

Effects of weight loss and exercise training on natural killer cell activity in obese women. 1998

C B Scanga, and T J Verde, and A M Paolone, and R E Andersen, and T A Wadden

Biokinetics Research Laboratory, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA. cscanga@clear.net.nz

OBJECTIVE The purposes of this study were two-fold: (1) to evaluate the effects of an 8-wk weight loss program on natural killer (NK) cell activity in obese women and 2) to determine whether an additional program of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training modified the effects of caloric restriction on immune function. METHODS Twenty-two healthy obese women with a mean weight of 96.9 +/- 14 kg and age of 38 +/- 7 yr were randomly assigned to diet-alone (D) or diet-plus-exercise training (D + EX) conditions. Subjects consumed 950 kcal.d-1 using prepackaged portion-controlled foods. Subjects in the D + EX group participated 3 times.wk-1 in a supervised program of light-to moderate-intensity aerobic activity and resistance training. Data were analyzed using a repeated measures ANOVA. RESULTS After 8 wk of treatment, body weight decreased significantly in both groups (10.8% in D vs 11.4% in D + EX), whereas absolute and relative VO2peak increased in only D + EX (12.3% in D vs 57.7% in D + EX). Both groups experienced significant decreases in peripheral blood leukocytes and lymphocytes, although cell numbers remained within clinically normal range at week 8. NK cell (CD56+) proportion was unchanged in both groups after weight loss. The proportion of peripheral mononuclear cells expressing the interleukin-2 receptor-alpha (IL-2R alpha) (CD25+) decreased significantly (25.2%) in D and was unchanged in D + EX, resulting in a significant difference between groups at week 8. NK cell cytotoxicity was suppressed in D and unchanged in D + EX after treatment. Changes in NK cell activity were significantly correlated with proportional changes in (CD25+) (r = 0.584, P = 0.022), but not CD56+. CONCLUSIONS A combined program of light- to moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance exercise offsets the apparent decrement in NK cell activity associated with weight loss.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007694	Killer Cells, Natural	Bone marrow-derived lymphocytes that possess cytotoxic properties, classically directed against transformed and virus-infected cells. Unlike T CELLS; and B CELLS; NK CELLS are not antigen specific. The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells is determined by the collective signaling of an array of inhibitory and stimulatory CELL SURFACE RECEPTORS. A subset of T-LYMPHOCYTES referred to as NATURAL KILLER T CELLS shares some of the properties of this cell type.	NK Cells,Natural Killer Cells,Cell, NK,Cell, Natural Killer,Cells, NK,Cells, Natural Killer,Killer Cell, Natural,NK Cell,Natural Killer Cell
D007958	Leukocyte Count	The number of WHITE BLOOD CELLS per unit volume in venous BLOOD. A differential leukocyte count measures the relative numbers of the different types of white cells.	Blood Cell Count, White,Differential Leukocyte Count,Leukocyte Count, Differential,Leukocyte Number,White Blood Cell Count,Count, Differential Leukocyte,Count, Leukocyte,Counts, Differential Leukocyte,Counts, Leukocyte,Differential Leukocyte Counts,Leukocyte Counts,Leukocyte Counts, Differential,Leukocyte Numbers,Number, Leukocyte,Numbers, Leukocyte
D007963	Leukocytes, Mononuclear	Mature LYMPHOCYTES and MONOCYTES transported by the blood to the body's extravascular space. They are morphologically distinguishable from mature granulocytic leukocytes by their large, non-lobed nuclei and lack of coarse, heavily stained cytoplasmic granules.	Mononuclear Leukocyte,Mononuclear Leukocytes,PBMC Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells,Peripheral Blood Human Mononuclear Cells,Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cell,Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells,Leukocyte, Mononuclear
D009765	Obesity	A status with BODY WEIGHT that is grossly above the recommended standards, usually due to accumulation of excess FATS in the body. The standards may vary with age, sex, genetic or cultural background. In the BODY MASS INDEX, a BMI greater than 30.0 kg/m2 is considered obese, and a BMI greater than 40.0 kg/m2 is considered morbidly obese (MORBID OBESITY).
D010101	Oxygen Consumption	The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)	Consumption, Oxygen,Consumptions, Oxygen,Oxygen Consumptions
D002149	Energy Intake	Total number of calories taken in daily whether ingested or by parenteral routes.	Caloric Intake,Calorie Intake,Intake, Calorie,Intake, Energy
D003602	Cytotoxicity, Immunologic	The phenomenon of target cell destruction by immunologically active effector cells. It may be brought about directly by sensitized T-lymphocytes or by lymphoid or myeloid "killer" cells, or it may be mediated by cytotoxic antibody, cytotoxic factor released by lymphoid cells, or complement.	Tumoricidal Activity, Immunologic,Immunologic Cytotoxicity,Immunologic Tumoricidal Activities,Immunologic Tumoricidal Activity,Tumoricidal Activities, Immunologic
D005081	Exercise Therapy	A regimen or plan of physical activities designed and prescribed for specific therapeutic goals. Its purpose is to restore normal musculoskeletal function or to reduce pain caused by diseases or injuries.	Rehabilitation Exercise,Remedial Exercise,Therapy, Exercise,Exercise Therapies,Exercise, Rehabilitation,Exercise, Remedial,Exercises, Rehabilitation,Exercises, Remedial,Rehabilitation Exercises,Remedial Exercises,Therapies, Exercise
D005260	Female		Females
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man