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Ocular and orbital blood flow in patients with essential hypertension treated with trandolapril. 1998

R D Steigerwalt, and G V Belcaro, and G Laurora, and M R Cesarone, and M T De Sanctis, and L Incandela
Angiology and Vascular Surgery Center, Hypertension Section, Pierangeli Clinic, Pescara, Italy.

OBJECTIVE To study the effect of essential hypertension on flow velocity in the central retinal (CRA) and posterior ciliary arteries (PCA). Flow velocity was also evaluated in these arteries in patients with hypertension treated with trandolapril, an oral angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. METHODS Using the duplex scanner, flow velocity of the CRA and PCA was measured in 12 medication-free patients with hypertension and 10 normal controls. The hypertensive patients were then treated with oral trandolapril, 1 mg/day for 1 week. After 1 week of treatment, flow velocity was again measured in the arteries of the patients with hypertension. RESULTS There was a significant reduction in systolic and diastolic flow velocity of the vessels tested in the medication-free hypertensive patients when compared with those in the normal controls. In controls, the CRA had a peak systolic flow velocity (PSFV) of 34 cm/sec and an end diastolic flow velocity (EDFV) of 14 cm/sec; the PCA had a PSFV of 38 cm/sec and an EDFV of 16 cm/sec. In the hypertensive patients off medication, the CRA had a PSFV of 16 cm/sec and an EDFV of 6 cm/sec; the PCA had a PSFV of 17 cm/sec and an EDFV of 5 cm/sec. The diastolic component also was significantly decreased in the patients with hypertension. Flow velocity significantly increased in the hypertensive patients treated with trandolapril for 1 week, but did not reach the level of flow measured in normal controls. CONCLUSIONS The decreased flow velocity in hypertensive patients may result from a peripheral vasospasm in the vessels of the eye and orbit. This decreased flow velocity may be important in eyes that already have ocular disease. Improvement in flow velocity was noted with oral trandolapril but it did not reach the levels seen in normal controls.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006973 Hypertension Persistently high systemic arterial BLOOD PRESSURE. Based on multiple readings (BLOOD PRESSURE DETERMINATION), hypertension is currently defined as when SYSTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently greater than 140 mm Hg or when DIASTOLIC PRESSURE is consistently 90 mm Hg or more. Blood Pressure, High,Blood Pressures, High,High Blood Pressure,High Blood Pressures
D007211 Indoles Benzopyrroles with the nitrogen at the number one carbon adjacent to the benzyl portion, in contrast to ISOINDOLES which have the nitrogen away from the six-membered ring.
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009915 Orbit Bony cavity that holds the eyeball and its associated tissues and appendages. Eye Socket,Eye Sockets,Orbits,Socket, Eye,Sockets, Eye
D012161 Retinal Artery Central retinal artery and its branches. It arises from the ophthalmic artery, pierces the optic nerve and runs through its center, enters the eye through the porus opticus and branches to supply the retina. Central Retinal Artery,Arteries, Central Retinal,Arteries, Retinal,Artery, Central Retinal,Artery, Retinal,Central Retinal Arteries,Retinal Arteries,Retinal Arteries, Central,Retinal Artery, Central
D001783 Blood Flow Velocity A value equal to the total volume flow divided by the cross-sectional area of the vascular bed. Blood Flow Velocities,Flow Velocities, Blood,Flow Velocity, Blood,Velocities, Blood Flow,Velocity, Blood Flow
D005123 Eye The organ of sight constituting a pair of globular organs made up of a three-layered roughly spherical structure specialized for receiving and responding to light. Eyes
D005500 Follow-Up Studies Studies in which individuals or populations are followed to assess the outcome of exposures, procedures, or effects of a characteristic, e.g., occurrence of disease. Followup Studies,Follow Up Studies,Follow-Up Study,Followup Study,Studies, Follow-Up,Studies, Followup,Study, Follow-Up,Study, Followup
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000806 Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors A class of drugs whose main indications are the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. They exert their hemodynamic effect mainly by inhibiting the renin-angiotensin system. They also modulate sympathetic nervous system activity and increase prostaglandin synthesis. They cause mainly vasodilation and mild natriuresis without affecting heart rate and contractility. ACE Inhibitor,ACE Inhibitors,Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor,Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitor,Kininase II Inhibitor,Kininase II Inhibitors,Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Antagonists,Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme,Antagonists, Kininase II,Inhibitors, ACE,Inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme,Inhibitors, Kininase II,Kininase II Antagonists,Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Antagonists,Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors,Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitor,Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme Inhibitors,Antagonists, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme,Enzyme Antagonists, Angiotensin-Converting,Enzyme Inhibitor, Angiotensin-Converting,Enzyme Inhibitors, Angiotensin-Converting,II Inhibitor, Kininase,Inhibitor, ACE,Inhibitor, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme,Inhibitor, Kininase II,Inhibitors, Angiotensin Converting Enzyme

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