The nature and origin of DNA single-strand breaks determined with the comet assay. 1998

E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
Cancer Research Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences, Department of Mutagenesis and Carcinogenesis, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.

After treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and hydrogen peroxide, the level of alkali-labile sites and single-strand breaks (ssb) in DNA was investigated, using the comet assay. The ability of antioxidant pre-treatment to decrease DNA damage was assessed. Results showed the following. (a) All single-strand (ss) DNA breaks detected immediately after MNNG- and MMS-treatment in hamster V79 cells had the character of alkali-labile sites while true ssb of DNA were represented only as a minor statistically significant (p < 0.01) fraction at the highest MMS concentration. (b) Most ss DNA breaks detected immediately after H2O2-treatment had the character of true breaks in DNA and alkali-labile sites represented only a minor fraction. (c) Pre-treatment of hamster V79 and human CaCo2 cells with vitamin E significantly reduced the number of breaks induced by hydrogen peroxide, but has no effect on the level of breaks induced by MNNG or MMS. We suggest that MNNG and MMS do not induce significant oxidative damage of DNA. Most of breaks induced by hydrogen peroxide have the nature of oxidative lesions of DNA. (d) In contrast to the effect of vitamin E, stobadine (STB) decreased not only the breaks induced by hydrogen peroxide but also those induced by MNNG and MMS. The reduced level of DNA damage in STB pre-treated samples could be due to inactivation of these alkylating agents by STB.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008741 Methyl Methanesulfonate An alkylating agent in cancer therapy that may also act as a mutagen by interfering with and causing damage to DNA. Methylmethane Sulfonate,Dimethylsulfonate,Mesilate, Methyl,Methyl Mesylate,Methyl Methylenesulfonate,Methylmesilate,Mesylate, Methyl,Methanesulfonate, Methyl,Methyl Mesilate
D008769 Methylnitronitrosoguanidine A nitrosoguanidine derivative with potent mutagenic and carcinogenic properties. Methylnitrosonitroguanidine,Nitrosomethylnitroguanidine,Nitrosonitromethylguanidine,MNNG,N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine,N Methyl N' nitro N nitrosoguanidine
D004249 DNA Damage Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS. DNA Injury,DNA Lesion,DNA Lesions,Genotoxic Stress,Stress, Genotoxic,Injury, DNA,DNA Injuries
D004277 DNA, Single-Stranded A single chain of deoxyribonucleotides that occurs in some bacteria and viruses. It usually exists as a covalently closed circle. Single-Stranded DNA,DNA, Single Stranded,Single Stranded DNA
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004587 Electrophoresis, Agar Gel Electrophoresis in which agar or agarose gel is used as the diffusion medium. Electrophoresis, Agarose Gel,Agar Gel Electrophoresis,Agarose Gel Electrophoresis,Gel Electrophoresis, Agar,Gel Electrophoresis, Agarose
D006224 Cricetinae A subfamily in the family MURIDAE, comprising the hamsters. Four of the more common genera are Cricetus, CRICETULUS; MESOCRICETUS; and PHODOPUS. Cricetus,Hamsters,Hamster
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006861 Hydrogen Peroxide A strong oxidizing agent used in aqueous solution as a ripening agent, bleach, and topical anti-infective. It is relatively unstable and solutions deteriorate over time unless stabilized by the addition of acetanilide or similar organic materials. Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2),Hydroperoxide,Oxydol,Perhydrol,Superoxol,Peroxide, Hydrogen
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

Related Publications

E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
January 2022, Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.),
E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
May 2002, Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part A,
E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
January 2017, Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.),
E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
September 2022, Drug delivery and translational research,
E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
July 2001, The journal of histochemistry and cytochemistry : official journal of the Histochemistry Society,
E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
February 2024, Nucleic acids research,
E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
September 2022, Drug delivery and translational research,
E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
January 2002, Cell biology and toxicology,
E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
August 2005, Biology of reproduction,
E Horváthová, and D Slamenová, and L Hlincíková, and T K Mandal, and A Gábelová, and A R Collins
December 2013, Marine pollution bulletin,
Copied contents to your clipboard!