Pharmacokinetics of the antiviral agent beta-D-2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine in rhesus monkeys. 1999

L Ma, and S J Hurwitz, and J Shi, and J J Mcatee, and D C Liotta, and H M McClure, and R F Schinazi
Department of Pediatrics, Emory University, USA.

The values of the pharmacokinetic parameters of the nucleoside antiretroviral agent beta-D-2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxy-5-fluorocytidine (D-D4FC) in rhesus monkeys were determined with a two-compartment model after the administration of a single dose. The average values for the terminal half-life, renal clearance, and total systemic clearance for the intravenous administration route were 3.6 h and 0.31 and 0.43 liter.kg-1.h-1, respectively. The oral bioavailability of D-D4FC averaged 41%. For the intravenous administration route, 76% of the compound was recovered intact in the urine within 8 h, indicating that D-D4FC was eliminated mainly by renal excretion. D-D4FC was detected in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) at similar concentrations after administration by both the intravenous and oral routes. D-D4FC levels in plasma and CSF were higher than the median effective concentration for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in vitro.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007275 Injections, Intravenous Injections made into a vein for therapeutic or experimental purposes. Intravenous Injections,Injection, Intravenous,Intravenous Injection
D008253 Macaca mulatta A species of the genus MACACA inhabiting India, China, and other parts of Asia. The species is used extensively in biomedical research and adapts very well to living with humans. Chinese Rhesus Macaques,Macaca mulatta lasiota,Monkey, Rhesus,Rhesus Monkey,Rhesus Macaque,Chinese Rhesus Macaque,Macaca mulatta lasiotas,Macaque, Rhesus,Rhesus Macaque, Chinese,Rhesus Macaques,Rhesus Macaques, Chinese,Rhesus Monkeys
D008657 Metabolic Clearance Rate Volume of biological fluid completely cleared of drug metabolites as measured in unit time. Elimination occurs as a result of metabolic processes in the kidney, liver, saliva, sweat, intestine, heart, brain, or other site. Total Body Clearance Rate,Clearance Rate, Metabolic,Clearance Rates, Metabolic,Metabolic Clearance Rates,Rate, Metabolic Clearance,Rates, Metabolic Clearance
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000998 Antiviral Agents Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly. Antiviral,Antiviral Agent,Antiviral Drug,Antivirals,Antiviral Drugs,Agent, Antiviral,Agents, Antiviral,Drug, Antiviral,Drugs, Antiviral
D001682 Biological Availability The extent to which the active ingredient of a drug dosage form becomes available at the site of drug action or in a biological medium believed to reflect accessibility to a site of action. Availability Equivalency,Bioavailability,Physiologic Availability,Availability, Biologic,Availability, Biological,Availability, Physiologic,Biologic Availability,Availabilities, Biologic,Availabilities, Biological,Availabilities, Physiologic,Availability Equivalencies,Bioavailabilities,Biologic Availabilities,Biological Availabilities,Equivalencies, Availability,Equivalency, Availability,Physiologic Availabilities
D016047 Zalcitabine A dideoxynucleoside compound in which the 3'-hydroxy group on the sugar moiety has been replaced by a hydrogen. This modification prevents the formation of phosphodiester linkages which are needed for the completion of nucleic acid chains. The compound is a potent inhibitor of HIV replication at low concentrations, acting as a chain-terminator of viral DNA by binding to reverse transcriptase. Its principal toxic side effect is axonal degeneration resulting in peripheral neuropathy. 2',3'-Dideoxycytidine,Dideoxycytidine,ddC (Antiviral),HIVID Roche,Hivid,NSC-606170,2',3' Dideoxycytidine,NSC 606170,NSC606170

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