Biomaterial Database

Studies on a protamine (galline) from fowl sperm. 3. The total amino acid sequence of intact galline molecule. 1976

M Nakano, and T Tobita, and T Ando

Of the eight fractions (G-I-G-VIII) obtained from galline, a protamine from rooster sperm nuclei, the complete amino acid sequences of two fractions G-I and G-V have already been reported. Other fractions of galline purified repeatedly on the column of Bio-Gel CM-30 were submitted to structural analyses. The complete amino acid sequences of three (G-II, G-III and G-VII) of the fractions and the partial chemical structures of two (G-VI and G-VIII) of the fractions were established from the results of analyses of the tryptic and chymotryptic peptides together with those of end groups and terminal sequences. Remarkable similarities have so far been found in the sequences of these fractions. Combining these results with those complementarily explained in the following paper, it was finally confirmed that the intact galline molecule is composed of only one molecular species (G-VIII) and that fractions (G-I-G-VII) were derived from G-VIII by the action of an inherent protease in the preparation process. Consequently, the total amino acid sequence of the intact galline is concluded to be as follows: H-Ala-Arg-Tyr-Arg-Ser-Arg-Gly-Arg-Ser-Arg-Ser-Arg-Arg-Thr-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Ser-Pro-Arg-Ser-Gly-Arg-Arg-Arg-Ser-Pro-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Ser-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Tyr-Gly-Ser-Ala-Arg-Arg-Ser-Arg-Arg-Ser-Gly-Gly-Val-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Tyr-Gly-Ser-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Arg-Tyr-OH.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D010454	Peptide Termination Factors	Proteins that are involved in the peptide chain termination reaction (PEPTIDE CHAIN TERMINATION, TRANSLATIONAL) on RIBOSOMES. They include codon-specific class-I release factors, which recognize stop signals (TERMINATOR CODON) in the MESSENGER RNA; and codon-nonspecific class-II release factors.	Termination Release Factor,Factor, Termination Release,Factors, Peptide Termination,Release Factor, Termination,Termination Factors, Peptide
D011479	Protamines	A group of simple proteins that yield basic amino acids on hydrolysis and that occur combined with nucleic acid in the sperm of fish. Protamines contain very few kinds of amino acids. Protamine sulfate combines with heparin to form a stable inactive complex; it is used to neutralize the anticoagulant action of heparin in the treatment of heparin overdose. (From Merck Index, 11th ed; Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopoeia, 30th ed, p692)	Protamine,Protamine Sulfate,Protamine Chloride,Chloride, Protamine,Sulfate, Protamine
D002645	Chickens	Common name for the species Gallus gallus, the domestic fowl, in the family Phasianidae, order GALLIFORMES. It is descended from the red jungle fowl of SOUTHEAST ASIA.	Gallus gallus,Gallus domesticus,Gallus gallus domesticus,Chicken
D002918	Chymotrypsin	A serine endopeptidase secreted by the pancreas as its zymogen, CHYMOTRYPSINOGEN and carried in the pancreatic juice to the duodenum where it is activated by TRYPSIN. It selectively cleaves aromatic amino acids on the carboxyl side.	Alpha-Chymotrypsin Choay,Alphacutanée,Avazyme
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000596	Amino Acids	Organic compounds that generally contain an amino (-NH2) and a carboxyl (-COOH) group. Twenty alpha-amino acids are the subunits which are polymerized to form proteins.	Amino Acid,Acid, Amino,Acids, Amino
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D012661	Semen	The thick, yellowish-white, viscid fluid secretion of male reproductive organs discharged upon ejaculation. In addition to reproductive organ secretions, it contains SPERMATOZOA and their nutrient plasma.	Seminal Plasma,Plasma, Seminal
D014357	Trypsin	A serine endopeptidase that is formed from TRYPSINOGEN in the pancreas. It is converted into its active form by ENTEROPEPTIDASE in the small intestine. It catalyzes hydrolysis of the carboxyl group of either arginine or lysine. EC 3.4.21.4.	Tripcellim,Trypure,beta-Trypsin,beta Trypsin