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Hemodynamic effects of prostaglandins and catecholamines in graded reduction of pulmonary flow during venoarterial bypass in awake goats. 1999

Y Takewa, and E Tatsumi, and Y Taenaka, and T Nishimura, and M Nakamura, and H Takano, and S Kitamura, and K Mizuguchi, and S Taniguchi
Department of Surgery III, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.

The roles of prostaglandins and catecholamines in the hypotensive hemodynamic change during cardiopulmonary support with a venoarterial bypass (VAB) were investigated in a series of chronic animal experiments of gradually reduced pulmonary arterial blood flow (PAF). The VAB system consisted of a pulsatile ventricular assist device, an artificial lung, and the right atrium uptake and descending aorta return cannulae in four adult goats weighing 49-51 kg. The PAF was adjusted to 50, 10, and 0% of the total systemic blood flow. Indomethacin, an inhibitor of prostaglandin production; phentolamine, an alpha-antagonist of catecholamine; and noradrenaline, an agonist of catecholamine were administered at each PAF condition. The mean aortic pressure (mAoP) and the systemic vascular resistance decreased in proportion to the decrease in PAF. Indomethacin increased the mAoP at all PAF conditions, indicating a relationship between prostaglandins and hypotension. Phentolamine decreased the mAoP at all PAF conditions, indicating a normal response of catecholamine receptors. However, noradrenaline increased the mAoP at 50 and 10% PAF, but did not appreciably increase the value at 0% PAF, indicating complete response of catecholamine receptors to endogenous catecholamines at 0% PAF only. In conclusion, prostaglandins play a substantial role in hypotension during VAB, and catecholamines may subsequently increase in compensation for extreme hypotension.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007022 Hypotension Abnormally low BLOOD PRESSURE that can result in inadequate blood flow to the brain and other vital organs. Common symptom is DIZZINESS but greater negative impacts on the body occur when there is prolonged depravation of oxygen and nutrients. Blood Pressure, Low,Hypotension, Vascular,Low Blood Pressure,Vascular Hypotension
D007213 Indomethacin A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID) that inhibits CYCLOOXYGENASE, which is necessary for the formation of PROSTAGLANDINS and other AUTACOIDS. It also inhibits the motility of POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES. Amuno,Indocid,Indocin,Indomet 140,Indometacin,Indomethacin Hydrochloride,Metindol,Osmosin
D009638 Norepinephrine Precursor of epinephrine that is secreted by the ADRENAL MEDULLA and is a widespread central and autonomic neurotransmitter. Norepinephrine is the principal transmitter of most postganglionic sympathetic fibers, and of the diffuse projection system in the brain that arises from the LOCUS CERULEUS. It is also found in plants and is used pharmacologically as a sympathomimetic. Levarterenol,Levonorepinephrine,Noradrenaline,Arterenol,Levonor,Levophed,Levophed Bitartrate,Noradrenaline Bitartrate,Noradrénaline tartrate renaudin,Norepinephrin d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine Bitartrate,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine Hydrochloride, (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine d-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), (+,-)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:1), Monohydrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine l-Tartrate (1:2),Norepinephrine l-Tartrate, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+)-Isomer,Norepinephrine, (+,-)-Isomer
D010646 Phentolamine A nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonist. It is used in the treatment of hypertension and hypertensive emergencies, pheochromocytoma, vasospasm of RAYNAUD DISEASE and frostbite, clonidine withdrawal syndrome, impotence, and peripheral vascular disease. Fentolamin,Phentolamine Mesilate,Phentolamine Mesylate,Phentolamine Methanesulfonate,Phentolamine Mono-hydrochloride,Regitine,Regityn,Rogitine,Z-Max,Mesilate, Phentolamine,Mesylate, Phentolamine,Methanesulfonate, Phentolamine,Mono-hydrochloride, Phentolamine,Phentolamine Mono hydrochloride
D011453 Prostaglandins A group of compounds derived from unsaturated 20-carbon fatty acids, primarily arachidonic acid, via the cyclooxygenase pathway. They are extremely potent mediators of a diverse group of physiological processes. Prostaglandin,Prostanoid,Prostanoids
D011652 Pulmonary Circulation The circulation of the BLOOD through the LUNGS. Pulmonary Blood Flow,Respiratory Circulation,Circulation, Pulmonary,Circulation, Respiratory,Blood Flow, Pulmonary,Flow, Pulmonary Blood,Pulmonary Blood Flows
D001784 Blood Gas Analysis Measurement of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood. Analysis, Blood Gas,Analyses, Blood Gas,Blood Gas Analyses,Gas Analyses, Blood,Gas Analysis, Blood
D001794 Blood Pressure PRESSURE of the BLOOD on the ARTERIES and other BLOOD VESSELS. Systolic Pressure,Diastolic Pressure,Pulse Pressure,Pressure, Blood,Pressure, Diastolic,Pressure, Pulse,Pressure, Systolic,Pressures, Systolic
D002315 Cardiopulmonary Bypass Diversion of the flow of blood from the entrance of the right atrium directly to the aorta (or femoral artery) via an oxygenator thus bypassing both the heart and lungs. Heart-Lung Bypass,Bypass, Cardiopulmonary,Bypass, Heart-Lung,Bypasses, Cardiopulmonary,Bypasses, Heart-Lung,Cardiopulmonary Bypasses,Heart Lung Bypass,Heart-Lung Bypasses
D002395 Catecholamines A general class of ortho-dihydroxyphenylalkylamines derived from TYROSINE. Catecholamine,Sympathin,Sympathins

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