Immediate and delayed hypersensitivity to mite antigens in atopic dermatitis. 1999

P Varela, and M Selores, and E Gomes, and E Silva, and E Matos, and L dos Santos, and J Amado, and A Massa
Dermatology Department, Hospital Geral de S. António, Porto, Portugal. varela@esoterica.pt

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common disorder and appears to be on the increase, especially among children. It was thought at first to be a manifestation of immediate hypersensitivity, but it is now known that delayed hypersensitivity also plays an important role. Sensitivity to mite antigens is found in 20% to 60% of patients when immediate hypersensitivity is evaluated by the detection of specific IgE antibodies and prick tests, and in 30% to 50% of patients when delayed hypersensitivity is studied by patch testing. A prospective randomized study was carried out in the pediatric dermatology clinic on a sample of 51 children under 15 years of age. A prevalence of immediate and delayed hypersensitivity to mites, like that described for other populations, was found. It was further found that there was a positive association, not described in the literature, between the younger age groups and delayed hypersensitivity to mite antigens, while the opposite was true for immediate hypersensitivity. We believe that patch tests with airborne allergens, specifically mites, should be part of the protocol for assessing children with AD, particularly in the younger age groups.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006968 Hypersensitivity, Delayed An increased reactivity to specific antigens mediated not by antibodies but by sensitized T CELLS. Hypersensitivity, Tuberculin-Type,Hypersensitivity, Type IV,Tuberculin-Type Hypersensitivity,Type IV Hypersensitivity,Delayed Hypersensitivity,Delayed Hypersensitivities,Hypersensitivity, Tuberculin Type,Tuberculin Type Hypersensitivity,Tuberculin-Type Hypersensitivities,Type IV Hypersensitivities
D006969 Hypersensitivity, Immediate Hypersensitivity reactions which occur within minutes of exposure to challenging antigen due to the release of histamine which follows the antigen-antibody reaction and causes smooth muscle contraction and increased vascular permeability. Atopic Hypersensitivity,Hypersensitivity, Atopic,Hypersensitivity, Type I,IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivity,Type I Hypersensitivity,Atopic Hypersensitivities,Hypersensitivities, Atopic,Hypersensitivities, IgE-Mediated,Hypersensitivities, Immediate,Hypersensitivities, Type I,Hypersensitivity, IgE-Mediated,IgE Mediated Hypersensitivity,IgE-Mediated Hypersensitivities,Immediate Hypersensitivities,Immediate Hypersensitivity,Type I Hypersensitivities
D007073 Immunoglobulin E An immunoglobulin associated with MAST CELLS. Overexpression has been associated with allergic hypersensitivity (HYPERSENSITIVITY, IMMEDIATE). IgE
D008297 Male Males
D008925 Mites Any arthropod of the subclass ACARI except the TICKS. They are minute animals related to the spiders, usually having transparent or semitransparent bodies. They may be parasitic on humans and domestic animals, producing various irritations of the skin (MITE INFESTATIONS). Many mite species are important to human and veterinary medicine as both parasite and vector. Mites also infest plants. Acarus,Mite
D011446 Prospective Studies Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group. Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D002675 Child, Preschool A child between the ages of 2 and 5. Children, Preschool,Preschool Child,Preschool Children
D003876 Dermatitis, Atopic A chronic inflammatory genetically determined disease of the skin marked by increased ability to form reagin (IgE), with increased susceptibility to allergic rhinitis and asthma, and hereditary disposition to a lowered threshold for pruritus. It is manifested by lichenification, excoriation, and crusting, mainly on the flexural surfaces of the elbow and knee. In infants it is known as infantile eczema. Eczema, Atopic,Eczema, Infantile,Neurodermatitis, Atopic,Neurodermatitis, Disseminated,Atopic Dermatitis,Atopic Eczema,Atopic Neurodermatitis,Disseminated Neurodermatitis,Infantile Eczema
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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