Biomaterial Database

Anti-xenograft immune responses in alpha 1,3-galactosyltransferase knock-out mice. 1999

M J Pearse, and P J Cowan, and T A Shinkel, and C G Chen, and A J d'Apice

Immunology Research Centre, St Vincent's Hospital Melbourne, Fitzroy, Australia.

Although originally generated to test the effect of eliminating the alpha-Gal epitope on HAR, it is becoming increasingly clear that GalT KO mice offer a convenient and inexpensive model to investigate many aspects of the anti-xenorgraft immune response. Clearly, not all aspects of anti-xenograft rejection responses are identical in mice and primates, which should be kept in mind when interpreting results of GalT KO mouse studies. However, with this and other mouse models it is possible to test a large number of variables, which is impractical for both logistical and financial reasons with primates. Furthermore the short gestation time and large litter size of mice means that genetic strategies targeting different aspects of the anti-xenograft immune response can be combined and subsequently tested to identify the optimal combination of genetic and therapeutic approaches to achieve long term xenograft survival. In this regard the GalT KO mouse has been and will continue to be a valuable small animal model for the study of all facets of xenograft rejection involving anti-Gal antibodies.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D005700	Galactosyltransferases	Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of galactose from a nucleoside diphosphate galactose to an acceptor molecule which is frequently another carbohydrate. EC 2.4.1.-.	Galactosyltransferase
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014183	Transplantation, Heterologous	Transplantation between animals of different species.	Xenotransplantation,Heterograft Transplantation,Heterografting,Heterologous Transplantation,Xenograft Transplantation,Xenografting,Transplantation, Heterograft,Transplantation, Xenograft
D051379	Mice	The common name for the genus Mus.	Mice, House,Mus,Mus musculus,Mice, Laboratory,Mouse,Mouse, House,Mouse, Laboratory,Mouse, Swiss,Mus domesticus,Mus musculus domesticus,Swiss Mice,House Mice,House Mouse,Laboratory Mice,Laboratory Mouse,Mice, Swiss,Swiss Mouse,domesticus, Mus musculus
D018345	Mice, Knockout	Strains of mice in which certain GENES of their GENOMES have been disrupted, or "knocked-out". To produce knockouts, using RECOMBINANT DNA technology, the normal DNA sequence of the gene being studied is altered to prevent synthesis of a normal gene product. Cloned cells in which this DNA alteration is successful are then injected into mouse EMBRYOS to produce chimeric mice. The chimeric mice are then bred to yield a strain in which all the cells of the mouse contain the disrupted gene. Knockout mice are used as EXPERIMENTAL ANIMAL MODELS for diseases (DISEASE MODELS, ANIMAL) and to clarify the functions of the genes.	Knockout Mice,Mice, Knock-out,Mouse, Knockout,Knock-out Mice,Knockout Mouse,Mice, Knock out