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There is considerable interest in the bioavailability of polyphenols and their bioactivity in vivo. We have studied the absorption and metabolism of catechin and epicatechin in the small intestine and the comparative transfer across the jejunum and ileum. Perfusion of isolated jejunum with the flavanols resulted in glucuronidation ( approximately 45%), O-methylation: 3'-O-Methyl- and 4'-O-methyl- ( approximately 30%), and O-methyl-glucuronidation ( approximately 20% of total flavanols identified) during transfer across the enterocytes to the serosal side. This demonstrates the activity of catechol-O-methyl transferases in the metabolism of flavanols and suggests that these metabolites and conjugates are likely to enter the portal vein. In contrast, in the case of the ileum, the majority of the flavanols appeared on the serosal side unmetabolised and the total percentage of flavanols transferred was higher than that in the jejunum ( approximately fivefold).
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
January 2010,
Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis,
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
April 1999,
Journal of chromatography. B, Biomedical sciences and applications,
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
January 2015,
Biological & pharmaceutical bulletin,
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
March 2004,
Planta medica,
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
January 2016,
Bioscience, biotechnology, and biochemistry,
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
October 2005,
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
December 2013,
Hormone molecular biology and clinical investigation,
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
April 2003,
Free radical biology & medicine,
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
April 2009,
Chemistry & biodiversity,
G Kuhnle, and
J P Spencer, and
H Schroeter, and
B Shenoy, and
E S Debnam, and
S K Srai, and
C Rice-Evans, and
U Hahn
October 2009,
Journal of agricultural and food chemistry,
