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Inhaled nitric oxide does not enhance lipid peroxidation in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. 2000

M A Weigand, and S A Snyder-Ramos, and A G Möllers, and J Bauer, and D Hansen, and W Kochen, and E Martin, and J Motsch
Department of Anesthesiology, Children's Hospital, University of Heidelberg, Germany.

OBJECTIVE To investigate whether inhaled nitric oxide (NO) enhances pulmonary lipid peroxidation as indicated by arterial blood levels of malondialdehyde, hexanal, and pentanal in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS Prospective, nonrandomized, controlled trial. METHODS Surgical intensive care unit in a university hospital. METHODS Twenty-five patients with ARDS, as defined by the American-European Consensus Conference, and a PaO2/FIO2 < or = 170 mm Hg were enrolled in the study. Four healthy subjects were studied as controls. METHODS On enrollment of the patients in the study, a dose-response test with increasing concentrations of inhaled NO (0, 2, 10, 40, 0 ppm) was performed. Patients who showed an increase of >20% in PaO2 were designated as responders and all others as nonresponders. In responders, this dose-response test was followed by 24 hrs of continuous treatment with inhaled NO at the best NO concentration determined during the dose-response test, whereas nonresponders received standard care. For healthy volunteers, the dose-response test took the form of spontaneous breathing of the same NO concentrations. RESULTS Eighteen patients (72%) showed an increase of >20% in PaO2 during the dose-response test. This significant improvement in arterial oxygenation in responders led to a significant reduction in FIO2 (responders, 0.73 +/- 0.05 vs. nonresponders, 0.89 +/- 0.05) after 24 hrs of therapy. On enrollment, arterial blood concentrations of malondialdehyde, hexanal, and pentanal were significantly higher than those of healthy volunteers. In addition, arterial concentrations of hexanal and pentanal exceeded mixed venous levels two- to ten-fold. Inhalation of NO did not significantly alter these blood concentrations either during the dose response test or during 24 hrs of therapy. CONCLUSIONS In patients with ARDS, malondialdehyde, hexanal, and pentanal were significantly elevated, indicating lipid peroxidation. Lipid peroxidation was not further affected by inhalation of NO.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008315 Malondialdehyde The dialdehyde of malonic acid. Malonaldehyde,Propanedial,Malonylaldehyde,Malonyldialdehyde,Sodium Malondialdehyde,Malondialdehyde, Sodium
D008875 Middle Aged An adult aged 45 - 64 years. Middle Age
D009569 Nitric Oxide A free radical gas produced endogenously by a variety of mammalian cells, synthesized from ARGININE by NITRIC OXIDE SYNTHASE. Nitric oxide is one of the ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT RELAXING FACTORS released by the vascular endothelium and mediates VASODILATION. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, induces disaggregation of aggregated platelets, and inhibits platelet adhesion to the vascular endothelium. Nitric oxide activates cytosolic GUANYLATE CYCLASE and thus elevates intracellular levels of CYCLIC GMP. Endogenous Nitrate Vasodilator,Mononitrogen Monoxide,Nitric Oxide, Endothelium-Derived,Nitrogen Monoxide,Endothelium-Derived Nitric Oxide,Monoxide, Mononitrogen,Monoxide, Nitrogen,Nitrate Vasodilator, Endogenous,Nitric Oxide, Endothelium Derived,Oxide, Nitric,Vasodilator, Endogenous Nitrate
D011446 Prospective Studies Observation of a population for a sufficient number of persons over a sufficient number of years to generate incidence or mortality rates subsequent to the selection of the study group. Prospective Study,Studies, Prospective,Study, Prospective
D012128 Respiratory Distress Syndrome A syndrome characterized by progressive life-threatening RESPIRATORY INSUFFICIENCY in the absence of known LUNG DISEASES, usually following a systemic insult such as surgery or major TRAUMA. ARDS, Human,Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome,Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome,Pediatric Respiratory Distress Syndrome,Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Acute,Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult,Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Pediatric,Shock Lung,Distress Syndrome, Respiratory,Distress Syndromes, Respiratory,Human ARDS,Lung, Shock,Respiratory Distress Syndromes,Syndrome, Respiratory Distress
D001993 Bronchodilator Agents Agents that cause an increase in the expansion of a bronchus or bronchial tubes. Bronchial-Dilating Agents,Bronchodilator,Bronchodilator Agent,Broncholytic Agent,Bronchodilator Effect,Bronchodilator Effects,Bronchodilators,Broncholytic Agents,Broncholytic Effect,Broncholytic Effects,Agent, Bronchodilator,Agent, Broncholytic,Agents, Bronchial-Dilating,Agents, Bronchodilator,Agents, Broncholytic,Bronchial Dilating Agents,Effect, Bronchodilator,Effect, Broncholytic,Effects, Bronchodilator,Effects, Broncholytic
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D005260 Female Females
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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