Biomaterial Database

Effects of some hydrocolloids and water activity on nonenzymic browning of concentrated orange juice. 2000

F Gögüs, and C Düzdemir, and S Eren

Gaziantep University, Department of Food Engineering, TR-27310 Gaziantep, Turkey.

5-hydroxymethyl furfural (HMF) accumulation and brown pigment formation (BPF) were studied in the presence and absence of some hydrocolloids in concentrated orange juice. The influence of addition of 1.5% xanthan gum (XG) and 1.5% XG and 0.5% microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) were observed on the nonenzymic browning reactions in concentrated orange juice at 45, 60, and 75 degrees C. The effect of water activity was also observed by replacing the samples into different water activity media (0.11 +/- 0.01, 0.30 +/- 0.01, 0.50 +/- 0.01, 0.75 +/- 0.01, and 0.80 +/- 0.01). It was observed that the samples containing 1.5% XG and 0.5% MCC showed the lowest BPF and HMF accumulation, whereas the browning rate and HMF accumulation in pure orange juice were the highest at all temperatures. Maximum BPF and HMF accumulation were observed in the range of water activity between 0.30 and 0.75. The lowest values were observed at aw 0.80.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007202	Indicators and Reagents	Substances used for the detection, identification, analysis, etc. of chemical, biological, or pathologic processes or conditions. Indicators are substances that change in physical appearance, e.g., color, at or approaching the endpoint of a chemical titration, e.g., on the passage between acidity and alkalinity. Reagents are substances used for the detection or determination of another substance by chemical or microscopical means, especially analysis. Types of reagents are precipitants, solvents, oxidizers, reducers, fluxes, and colorimetric reagents. (From Grant & Hackh's Chemical Dictionary, 5th ed, p301, p499)	Indicator,Reagent,Reagents,Indicators,Reagents and Indicators
D010860	Pigments, Biological	Any normal or abnormal coloring matter in PLANTS; ANIMALS or micro-organisms.	Biological Pigments
D011135	Polysaccharides, Bacterial	Polysaccharides found in bacteria and in capsules thereof.	Bacterial Polysaccharides
D012015	Reference Standards	A basis of value established for the measure of quantity, weight, extent or quality, e.g. weight standards, standard solutions, methods, techniques, and procedures used in diagnosis and therapy.	Standard Preparations,Standards, Reference,Preparations, Standard,Standardization,Standards,Preparation, Standard,Reference Standard,Standard Preparation,Standard, Reference
D002957	Citrus	A plant genus of the family RUTACEAE. They bear the familiar citrus fruits including oranges, grapefruit, lemons, and limes. There are many hybrids which makes the nomenclature confusing.	Citron Tree,Fruit, Citrus,Lemon Tree,Orange Tree, Bitter,Orange Tree, Mandarin,Orange Tree, Seville,Orange Tree, Sour,Pomelo Tree,Pummelo Tree,Tangerine Tree,Citrus Fruit,Citrus aurantium,Citrus bergamia,Citrus grandis,Citrus hystrix,Citrus limon,Citrus maxima,Citrus medica,Citrus reticulata,Kaffir Lime,Bitter Orange Tree,Bitter Orange Trees,Citron Trees,Citrus aurantiums,Citrus bergamias,Citrus grandi,Citrus hystrices,Citrus medicas,Citrus reticulatas,Lemon Trees,Lime, Kaffir,Mandarin Orange Tree,Mandarin Orange Trees,Orange Trees, Bitter,Orange Trees, Mandarin,Orange Trees, Seville,Orange Trees, Sour,Pomelo Trees,Pummelo Trees,Seville Orange Tree,Seville Orange Trees,Sour Orange Tree,Sour Orange Trees,Tangerine Trees,Tree, Bitter Orange,Tree, Citron,Tree, Lemon,Tree, Mandarin Orange,Tree, Pomelo,Tree, Pummelo,Tree, Seville Orange,Tree, Sour Orange,Tree, Tangerine,Trees, Bitter Orange,Trees, Citron,Trees, Lemon,Trees, Mandarin Orange,Trees, Pomelo,Trees, Pummelo,Trees, Seville Orange,Trees, Sour Orange,Trees, Tangerine,aurantium, Citrus,bergamia, Citrus,hystrices, Citrus,maxima, Citrus,medicas, Citrus,reticulata, Citrus
D003102	Colloids	Two-phase systems in which one is uniformly dispersed in another as particles small enough so they cannot be filtered or will not settle out. The dispersing or continuous phase or medium envelops the particles of the discontinuous phase. All three states of matter can form colloids among each other.	Hydrocolloids,Colloid,Hydrocolloid
D005503	Food Additives	Substances used in the processing or storage of foods or animal feed including ANTIOXIDANTS; FOOD PRESERVATIVES; FOOD COLORING AGENTS; FLAVORING AGENTS; ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS; EXCIPIENTS and other similarly used substances. Many of the same substances are used as PHARMACEUTIC AIDS.	Additive, Food,Additives, Food,Food Additive
D005519	Food Preservation	Procedures or techniques used to keep food from spoiling.	Preservation, Food
D005662	Furaldehyde	A heterocyclic compound consisting of a furan where the hydrogen at position 2 is substituted by a formyl group.	Furfural
D006863	Hydrogen-Ion Concentration	The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH	pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations