Biomaterial Database

Preinstitutional social deprivation, responsiveness to social reinforcement, and IQ change in institutionalized retarded individuals. 1975

D A Balla, and E Zigler

Mentally retarded individuals who had been examined on a task measuring responsiveness to social reinforcement after 3 weeks and after 3 years of institutionalization were examined after 6 years of institutionalization. IQ changes were also examined. For familially retarded subjects, a linear decrease in responsiveness to social reinforcement and a linear increase in IQ was found from the 1st to the 6th year of institutional life. No changes in responsiveness to social reinforcement or IQ were found over the 6 years for nonfamilially retarded subjects.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007360	Intelligence	The ability to learn and to deal with new situations and to deal effectively with tasks involving abstractions.
D008607	Intellectual Disability	Subnormal intellectual functioning which originates during the developmental period. This has multiple potential etiologies, including genetic defects and perinatal insults. Intelligence quotient (IQ) scores are commonly used to determine whether an individual has an intellectual disability. IQ scores between 70 and 79 are in the borderline range. Scores below 67 are in the disabled range. (from Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch55, p28)	Disability, Intellectual,Idiocy,Mental Retardation,Retardation, Mental,Deficiency, Mental,Intellectual Development Disorder,Mental Deficiency,Mental Retardation, Psychosocial,Deficiencies, Mental,Development Disorder, Intellectual,Development Disorders, Intellectual,Disabilities, Intellectual,Disorder, Intellectual Development,Disorders, Intellectual Development,Intellectual Development Disorders,Intellectual Disabilities,Mental Deficiencies,Mental Retardations, Psychosocial,Psychosocial Mental Retardation,Psychosocial Mental Retardations,Retardation, Psychosocial Mental,Retardations, Psychosocial Mental
D012056	Reinforcement, Social	The strengthening of a response with a social reward such as a nod of approval, a parent's love or attention.	Social Reinforcement,Reinforcements, Social,Social Reinforcements
D006760	Hospitalization	The confinement of a patient in a hospital.	Hospitalizations
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man