Isolation of extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid for exfoliative toxin production from phage group II Staphylococcus aureus. 1975

R Warren, and M Rogolsky, and B B Wiley, and L A Glasgow

The ability of phage group II staphylococcal strain UT 0101 to produce exfoliative toxin and bacteriocin could be eliminated at a high frequency after growth at high temperatures or in the presence of ethidium bromide or sodium dodecyl sulfate. Extrachromosomal deoxyribonucleic acid, associated with the genes for exfoliative toxin and bacteriocin production, was isolated from strain UT 0101 but was absent from an ethidium bromide-cured substrain. The molecular weight of the exfoliative toxin plasmid, determined by co-sedimentation with the penicillinase plasmid, PI258, was 3.3 times 10-7. The 56S covalently closed circular form of the exfoliative toxin plasmid converted to a 38S open circular form after storage or exposure to sodium dodecyl sulfate. Plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid associated with penicillin resistance could not be identified in the penicillin-resistance Tox+ strains, UT 0007 and UT 0001.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008970 Molecular Weight The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule. Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D009154 Mutation Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations. Mutations
D010403 Penicillin Resistance Nonsusceptibility of an organism to the action of penicillins. Penicillin Resistances,Resistance, Penicillin,Resistances, Penicillin
D004269 DNA, Bacterial Deoxyribonucleic acid that makes up the genetic material of bacteria. Bacterial DNA
D004270 DNA, Circular Any of the covalently closed DNA molecules found in bacteria, many viruses, mitochondria, plastids, and plasmids. Small, polydisperse circular DNA's have also been observed in a number of eukaryotic organisms and are suggested to have homology with chromosomal DNA and the capacity to be inserted into, and excised from, chromosomal DNA. It is a fragment of DNA formed by a process of looping out and deletion, containing a constant region of the mu heavy chain and the 3'-part of the mu switch region. Circular DNA is a normal product of rearrangement among gene segments encoding the variable regions of immunoglobulin light and heavy chains, as well as the T-cell receptor. (Riger et al., Glossary of Genetics, 5th ed & Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992) Circular DNA,Circular DNAs,DNAs, Circular
D004996 Ethidium A trypanocidal agent and possible antiviral agent that is widely used in experimental cell biology and biochemistry. Ethidium has several experimentally useful properties including binding to nucleic acids, noncompetitive inhibition of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, and fluorescence among others. It is most commonly used as the bromide. Ethidium Bromide,Homidium Bromide,Novidium,Bromide, Ethidium,Bromide, Homidium
D005111 Extrachromosomal Inheritance Vertical transmission of hereditary characters by DNA from cytoplasmic organelles such as MITOCHONDRIA; CHLOROPLASTS; and PLASTIDS, or from PLASMIDS or viral episomal DNA. Cytoplasmic Inheritance,Extranuclear Inheritance,Inheritance, Cytoplasmic,Inheritance, Extrachromosomal,Inheritance, Extranuclear
D005796 Genes A category of nucleic acid sequences that function as units of heredity and which code for the basic instructions for the development, reproduction, and maintenance of organisms. Cistron,Gene,Genetic Materials,Cistrons,Genetic Material,Material, Genetic,Materials, Genetic
D006358 Hot Temperature Presence of warmth or heat or a temperature notably higher than an accustomed norm. Heat,Hot Temperatures,Temperature, Hot,Temperatures, Hot
D001430 Bacteriocins Substances elaborated by specific strains of bacteria that are lethal against other strains of the same or related species. They are protein or lipopolysaccharide-protein complexes used in taxonomy studies of bacteria. Bacteriocin,Lantibiotic,Lantibiotics

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