Biomaterial Database

Novel Rho GTPase involved in cytokinesis and cell wall integrity in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. 2003

Beatriz Santos, and Javier Gutiérrez, and Teresa M Calonge, and Pilar Pérez

Instituto Microbiología-Bioquímica, Departamento de Microbiología-Genética, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas/Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain. bsr@usal.es

The Rho family of GTPases is present in all eukaryotic cells from yeast to mammals; they are regulators in signaling pathways that control actin organization and morphogenetic processes. In yeast, Rho GTPases are implicated in cell polarity processes and cell wall biosynthesis. It is known that Rho1 and Rho2 are key proteins in the construction of the cell wall, an essential structure that in Schizosaccharomyces pombe is composed of beta-glucan, alpha-glucan, and mannoproteins. Rho1 regulates the synthesis of 1,3-beta-D-glucan by activation of the 1,3-beta-D-glucan synthase, and Rho2 regulates the synthesis of alpha-glucan by the 1,3-alpha-D-glucan synthase Mok1. Here we describe the characterization of another Rho GTPase in fission yeast, Rho4. rho4Delta cells are viable but display cell separation defects at high temperature. In agreement with this observation, Rho4 localizes to the septum. Overexpression of rho4(+) causes lysis and morphological defects. Several lines of evidence indicate that both rho4(+) deletion or rho4(+) overexpression result in a defective cell wall, suggesting an additional role for Rho4 in cell wall integrity. Rho4Delta cells also accumulate secretory vesicles around the septum and are defective in actin polarization. We propose that Rho4 could be involved in the regulation of the septum degradation during cytokinesis.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008164	Luminescent Proteins	Proteins which are involved in the phenomenon of light emission in living systems. Included are the "enzymatic" and "non-enzymatic" types of system with or without the presence of oxygen or co-factors.	Bioluminescent Protein,Bioluminescent Proteins,Luminescent Protein,Photoprotein,Photoproteins,Protein, Bioluminescent,Protein, Luminescent,Proteins, Bioluminescent,Proteins, Luminescent
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009154	Mutation	Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations.	Mutations
D002455	Cell Division	The fission of a CELL. It includes CYTOKINESIS, when the CYTOPLASM of a cell is divided, and CELL NUCLEUS DIVISION.	M Phase,Cell Division Phase,Cell Divisions,Division Phase, Cell,Division, Cell,Divisions, Cell,M Phases,Phase, Cell Division,Phase, M,Phases, M
D002473	Cell Wall	The outermost layer of a cell in most PLANTS; BACTERIA; FUNGI; and ALGAE. The cell wall is usually a rigid structure that lies external to the CELL MEMBRANE, and provides a protective barrier against physical or chemical agents.	Cell Walls,Wall, Cell,Walls, Cell
D005800	Genes, Fungal	The functional hereditary units of FUNGI.	Fungal Genes,Fungal Gene,Gene, Fungal
D000483	Alleles	Variant forms of the same gene, occupying the same locus on homologous CHROMOSOMES, and governing the variants in production of the same gene product.	Allelomorphs,Allele,Allelomorph
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D001483	Base Sequence	The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence.	DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D012568	Schizosaccharomyces	A genus of ascomycetous fungi of the family Schizosaccharomycetaceae, order Schizosaccharomycetales.	Fission Yeast,Schizosaccharomyces malidevorans,Schizosaccharomyces pombe,Yeast, Fission,S pombe,Fission Yeasts