Dietary fish oil reduces oxidative DNA damage in rat colonocytes. 2003

Laura K Bancroft, and Joanne R Lupton, and Laurie A Davidson, and Stella S Taddeo, and Mary E Murphy, and Raymond J Carroll, and Robert S Chapkin
Molecular and Cell Biology Group, Faculty of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA.

Prolonged generation of reactive oxygen species by inflammatory mediators can induce oxidative DNA damage (8-oxodG formation), potentially resulting in intestinal tumorigenesis. Fish oil (FO), compared to corn oil (CO), has been shown to downregulate inflammation and upregulate apoptosis targeted at damaged cells. We hypothesized FO could protect the intestine against 8-oxodG formation during dextran sodium sulfate- (DSS-) induced inflammation. We provided 60 rats with FO- or CO-supplemented diets for 2 weeks with or without 3% DSS in drinking water for 48 h. Half the treated rats received 48 additional h of untreated water before termination. Due to DSS treatment, the intestinal epithelium had higher levels of 8-oxodG (p =.04), induction of repair enzyme OGG1 mRNA (p =.02), and higher levels of apoptosis at the top of colonic crypts (p =.01) and in surface cells (p <.0001). FO-fed rats, compared to CO, had lower levels of 8-oxodG (p =.05) and increased apoptosis (p =.04) in the upper crypt region; however, FO had no significant effect on OGG1 mRNA. We conclude that FO protects intestinal cells against oxidative DNA damage in part via deletion mechanisms.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D003106 Colon The segment of LARGE INTESTINE between the CECUM and the RECTUM. It includes the ASCENDING COLON; the TRANSVERSE COLON; the DESCENDING COLON; and the SIGMOID COLON. Appendix Epiploica,Taenia Coli,Omental Appendices,Omental Appendix,Appendices, Omental,Appendix, Omental
D003110 Colonic Neoplasms Tumors or cancer of the COLON. Cancer of Colon,Colon Adenocarcinoma,Colon Cancer,Cancer of the Colon,Colon Neoplasms,Colonic Cancer,Neoplasms, Colonic,Adenocarcinoma, Colon,Adenocarcinomas, Colon,Cancer, Colon,Cancer, Colonic,Cancers, Colon,Cancers, Colonic,Colon Adenocarcinomas,Colon Cancers,Colon Neoplasm,Colonic Cancers,Colonic Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Colon,Neoplasm, Colonic,Neoplasms, Colon
D004032 Diet Regular course of eating and drinking adopted by a person or animal. Diets
D004042 Dietary Fats, Unsaturated Unsaturated fats or oils used in foods or as a food. Dietary Oils,Unsaturated Dietary Fats,Dietary Fat, Unsaturated,Dietary Oil,Fat, Unsaturated Dietary,Fats, Unsaturated Dietary,Oil, Dietary,Oils, Dietary,Unsaturated Dietary Fat
D004249 DNA Damage Injuries to DNA that introduce deviations from its normal, intact structure and which may, if left unrepaired, result in a MUTATION or a block of DNA REPLICATION. These deviations may be caused by physical or chemical agents and occur by natural or unnatural, introduced circumstances. They include the introduction of illegitimate bases during replication or by deamination or other modification of bases; the loss of a base from the DNA backbone leaving an abasic site; single-strand breaks; double strand breaks; and intrastrand (PYRIMIDINE DIMERS) or interstrand crosslinking. Damage can often be repaired (DNA REPAIR). If the damage is extensive, it can induce APOPTOSIS. DNA Injury,DNA Lesion,DNA Lesions,Genotoxic Stress,Stress, Genotoxic,Injury, DNA,DNA Injuries
D004326 Drinking The consumption of liquids. Water Consumption,Water Intake,Drinkings
D004435 Eating The consumption of edible substances. Dietary Intake,Feed Intake,Food Intake,Macronutrient Intake,Micronutrient Intake,Nutrient Intake,Nutritional Intake,Ingestion,Dietary Intakes,Feed Intakes,Intake, Dietary,Intake, Feed,Intake, Food,Intake, Macronutrient,Intake, Micronutrient,Intake, Nutrient,Intake, Nutritional,Macronutrient Intakes,Micronutrient Intakes,Nutrient Intakes,Nutritional Intakes
D005395 Fish Oils Oils high in unsaturated fats extracted from the bodies of fish or fish parts, especially the LIVER. Those from the liver are usually high in VITAMIN A. The oils are used as DIETARY SUPPLEMENTS. They are also used in soaps and detergents and as protective coatings. Fish Liver Oils,Fish Oil,Liver Oils, Fish,Oil, Fish,Oils, Fish,Oils, Fish Liver
D005786 Gene Expression Regulation Any of the processes by which nuclear, cytoplasmic, or intercellular factors influence the differential control (induction or repression) of gene action at the level of transcription or translation. Gene Action Regulation,Regulation of Gene Expression,Expression Regulation, Gene,Regulation, Gene Action,Regulation, Gene Expression

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