Biomaterial Database

Decrease of lactase activity in the small intestine of jejunum-bypassed rats. 1992

H Shinohara, and T Goda, and S Takase

Department of Education, Miyazaki University, Japan.

The effect of jejunum-bypass operation on lactase in rat small intestine was examined. Three groups of four or five rats were designated as jejunum-bypassed, sham-operated and normal rats. All animals including normal rats received by pair-feeding 5% glucose/1% NaCl for 5 days following the operation; thereafter they were fed ad libitum the laboratory chow diet. Three weeks after the jejunal bypass operation, the proximal ileum exhibited a hyperplasia as evidenced by a concomitant increase in mucosal contents of both total proteins and DNA. The specific activity of lactase in this segment was significantly lower in the operated rats than sham-operated controls, whereas the specific activity of sucrase in this segment was significantly elevated. The reduction of lactase activity was also evident in the proximal jejunal segment as well as in the distal jejunum which was deprived of luminal nutrition, suggesting that some hormonal factor(s) might be involved in the decrease of lactase activity in jejunum-bypassed animals. Electroimmunoassay revealed that the amount of immunoreactive lactase also declined in the operated rats relative to the sham-operated controls. Our results thus suggest that lactase activity in residual ileum is not only unable to compensate for the loss of digestive-absorptive surface of jejunum, but lactase activity even decreases following jejunum-bypass operation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007413	Intestinal Mucosa	Lining of the INTESTINES, consisting of an inner EPITHELIUM, a middle LAMINA PROPRIA, and an outer MUSCULARIS MUCOSAE. In the SMALL INTESTINE, the mucosa is characterized by a series of folds and abundance of absorptive cells (ENTEROCYTES) with MICROVILLI.	Intestinal Epithelium,Intestinal Glands,Epithelium, Intestinal,Gland, Intestinal,Glands, Intestinal,Intestinal Gland,Mucosa, Intestinal
D007421	Intestine, Small	The portion of the GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT between the PYLORUS of the STOMACH and the ILEOCECAL VALVE of the LARGE INTESTINE. It is divisible into three portions: the DUODENUM, the JEJUNUM, and the ILEUM.	Small Intestine,Intestines, Small,Small Intestines
D007581	Jejunoileal Bypass	A procedure consisting of the SURGICAL ANASTOMOSIS of the proximal part of the JEJUNUM to the distal portion of the ILEUM, so as to bypass the nutrient-absorptive segment of the SMALL INTESTINE. Due to the severe malnutrition and life-threatening metabolic complications, this method is no longer used to treat MORBID OBESITY.	Ileojejunal Bypass,Intestinal Bypass,Jejuno-Ileal Bypass,Bypass, Ileojejunal,Bypass, Intestinal,Bypass, Jejuno-Ileal,Bypass, Jejunoileal,Bypasses, Ileojejunal,Bypasses, Intestinal,Bypasses, Jejuno-Ileal,Bypasses, Jejunoileal,Ileojejunal Bypasses,Intestinal Bypasses,Jejuno Ileal Bypass,Jejuno-Ileal Bypasses,Jejunoileal Bypasses
D008297	Male		Males
D011506	Proteins	Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.	Gene Products, Protein,Gene Proteins,Protein,Protein Gene Products,Proteins, Gene
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001616	beta-Galactosidase	A group of enzymes that catalyzes the hydrolysis of terminal, non-reducing beta-D-galactose residues in beta-galactosides. Deficiency of beta-Galactosidase A1 may cause GANGLIOSIDOSIS, GM1.	Lactases,Dairyaid,Lactaid,Lactogest,Lactrase,beta-D-Galactosidase,beta-Galactosidase A1,beta-Galactosidase A2,beta-Galactosidase A3,beta-Galactosidases,lac Z Protein,Protein, lac Z,beta D Galactosidase,beta Galactosidase,beta Galactosidase A1,beta Galactosidase A2,beta Galactosidase A3,beta Galactosidases
D012709	Serum Albumin	A major protein in the BLOOD. It is important in maintaining the colloidal osmotic pressure and transporting large organic molecules.	Plasma Albumin,Albumin, Serum
D013393	Sucrase	Digestive enzyme secreted in the INTESTINES. It catalyzes hydrolysis of SUCROSE to FRUCTOSE and GLUCOSE.	Mutansucrase,Sucrose alpha-D-Glucohydrolase,Sucrose alpha D Glucohydrolase,alpha-D-Glucohydrolase, Sucrose
D013963	Thyroid Hormones	Natural hormones secreted by the THYROID GLAND, such as THYROXINE, and their synthetic analogs.	Thyroid Hormone,Hormone, Thyroid,Hormones, Thyroid