Biomaterial Database

Characteristic localization of carbohydrates in osteoclasts by lectin cytochemistry. 1992

H Nakamura, and H Ozawa

Department of Oral Anatomy, Niigata University School of Dentistry, Japan.

Lectin cytochemistry was performed to clarify the process of glycosylation and the localization of glycocalyx in osteoclasts. Microslicer sections of decalcified rat tibiae were incubated in the presence of HRP-conjugated lectins (Con A, PNA, MPA, WGA, UEA-1). Lectin reactions in cell organelles revealed that glucose (Glc) and mannose (Man) are transferred to carbohydrate chains in nuclear envelopes, rough endoplasmic reticuli, and the cis and medial sides of the Golgi apparatus. N-acetylgalactosamine (GalNAc), N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc), and/or N-acetylneuraminic acic (NANA) residues are transferred, in turn, in the Golgi apparatus. Lectin reactions detected in lysosomal structures suggest that some sugar residues are incorporated into carbohydrate chains of hydrolytic enzymes, such as acid phosphatase and arylsulfatase. Others would be transported to plasma membranes as glycocalyx. PNA and MPA reactions were most evident on ruffled borders of osteoclasts. On the other hand, cement-line-like structures on bone surfaces displayed Con A, MPA, and WGA positive reactions. The following factors suggest that osteoclasts actively metabolize sugar: characteristic localization of glycocalyx in osteoclasts reflect the polarity of osteoclasts, and carbohydrate complexes in cement-line-like structures seem to play an important role in the coupling phenomenon in bone tissue.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008854	Microscopy, Electron	Microscopy using an electron beam, instead of light, to visualize the sample, thereby allowing much greater magnification. The interactions of ELECTRONS with specimens are used to provide information about the fine structure of that specimen. In TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY the reactions of the electrons that are transmitted through the specimen are imaged. In SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY an electron beam falls at a non-normal angle on the specimen and the image is derived from the reactions occurring above the plane of the specimen.	Electron Microscopy
D010010	Osteoclasts	A large multinuclear cell associated with the BONE RESORPTION. An odontoclast, also called cementoclast, is cytomorphologically the same as an osteoclast and is involved in CEMENTUM resorption.	Odontoclasts,Cementoclast,Cementoclasts,Odontoclast,Osteoclast
D011134	Polysaccharides	Long chain polymeric CARBOHYDRATES composed of MONOSACCHARIDES linked by glycosidic bonds.	Glycan,Glycans,Polysaccharide
D006023	Glycoproteins	Conjugated protein-carbohydrate compounds including MUCINS; mucoid, and AMYLOID glycoproteins.	C-Glycosylated Proteins,Glycosylated Protein,Glycosylated Proteins,N-Glycosylated Proteins,O-Glycosylated Proteins,Glycoprotein,Neoglycoproteins,Protein, Glycosylated,Proteins, C-Glycosylated,Proteins, Glycosylated,Proteins, N-Glycosylated,Proteins, O-Glycosylated
D006031	Glycosylation	The synthetic chemistry reaction or enzymatic reaction of adding carbohydrate or glycosyl groups. GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASES carry out the enzymatic glycosylation reactions. The spontaneous, non-enzymatic attachment of reducing sugars to free amino groups in proteins, lipids, or nucleic acids is called GLYCATION (see MAILLARD REACTION).	Protein Glycosylation,Glycosylation, Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013977	Tibia	The second longest bone of the skeleton. It is located on the medial side of the lower leg, articulating with the FIBULA laterally, the TALUS distally, and the FEMUR proximally.	Tibias
D017208	Rats, Wistar	A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain.	Wistar Rat,Rat, Wistar,Wistar Rats
D050260	Carbohydrate Metabolism	Cellular processes in biosynthesis (anabolism) and degradation (catabolism) of CARBOHYDRATES.	Metabolism, Carbohydrate