Biomaterial Database

Effect of Withania somnifera on B16F-10 melanoma induced metastasis in mice. 2004

P V Leyon, and G Kuttan

Amala Cancer Research Centre, Amala Nagar Thrissur, Kerala, India.

Withania somnifera, a plant with known immunopotentiating activity and its bioactive fraction-Withanolide D were studied for their anti-metastatic activity using B16F-10 melanoma cells in C57BL/6 mice. Simultaneous administration of Withania extract (122 +/- 10 tumour nodules) and Withanolide (126 +/- 9 lung tumour nodules) could significantly (p < 0.001) inhibit the metastatic colony formation of the melanoma in lungs. 72.58% by extract and 69.84% by Withanolide treated, as compared to the untreated control animals also increased the survival days. Lung collagen hydroxyproline content was highly elevated in the control animals (23.5 +/- 0.9 micro g/mg protein), which was reduced by the simultaneous administration of both the extract (16.3 +/- 2.0 micro g/mg protein) and Withanolide (15.3 +/- 1.8 micro g/mg protein). The level of lung hexosamines (4.85 +/- 0.20 mg/100 mg tissue) and uronic acids (330.1 +/- 23.7 micro g/100 mg tissue) content was also elevated in the control animals. The elevated level of hexosamine was significantly reduced by the treatment with extract (1.92 +/- 0.05) and Withanolide (1.85 +/- 0.05). Similarly, the uronic acid content was also been reduced by the simultaneous administration of both Withania extract (194.2 +/- 17.4) and Withanolide (183.2 +/- 8.8). The control animals had 35.3 +/- 3.8 U/L gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GT), which was reduced by 50% by the treatment of extract and Withanolide to 17.5 +/- 4.0 U/L and 16.3 +/- 4.4 U/L respectively. There was a significant reduction in the levels of sialic acid in the serum of Withania extract (60.7 +/- 7.7) and Withanolide (67.16 +/- 5.8) treated animals compared to the higher level (102.2 +/- 8.7) in the control animals. Histopathological analysis of the lung tissues also correlated with these findings. Prophylactic administrations of both extract as well as Withanolide were ineffective in inhibiting the metastasis of B16F-10 melanoma cells.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008168	Lung	Either of the pair of organs occupying the cavity of the thorax that effect the aeration of the blood.	Lungs
D008175	Lung Neoplasms	Tumors or cancer of the LUNG.	Cancer of Lung,Lung Cancer,Pulmonary Cancer,Pulmonary Neoplasms,Cancer of the Lung,Neoplasms, Lung,Neoplasms, Pulmonary,Cancer, Lung,Cancer, Pulmonary,Cancers, Lung,Cancers, Pulmonary,Lung Cancers,Lung Neoplasm,Neoplasm, Lung,Neoplasm, Pulmonary,Pulmonary Cancers,Pulmonary Neoplasm
D008297	Male		Males
D008517	Phytotherapy	Use of plants or herbs to treat diseases or to alleviate pain.	Herb Therapy,Herbal Therapy
D008546	Melanoma, Experimental	Experimentally induced tumor that produces MELANIN in animals to provide a model for studying human MELANOMA.	B16 Melanoma,Melanoma, B16,Melanoma, Cloudman S91,Melanoma, Harding-Passey,Experimental Melanoma,Experimental Melanomas,Harding Passey Melanoma,Melanomas, Experimental,B16 Melanomas,Cloudman S91 Melanoma,Harding-Passey Melanoma,Melanoma, Harding Passey,Melanomas, B16,S91 Melanoma, Cloudman
D008810	Mice, Inbred C57BL	One of the first INBRED MOUSE STRAINS to be sequenced. This strain is commonly used as genetic background for transgenic mouse models. Refractory to many tumors, this strain is also preferred model for studying role of genetic variations in development of diseases.	Mice, C57BL,Mouse, C57BL,Mouse, Inbred C57BL,C57BL Mice,C57BL Mice, Inbred,C57BL Mouse,C57BL Mouse, Inbred,Inbred C57BL Mice,Inbred C57BL Mouse
D009362	Neoplasm Metastasis	The transfer of a neoplasm from one organ or part of the body to another remote from the primary site.	Metastase,Metastasis,Metastases, Neoplasm,Metastasis, Neoplasm,Neoplasm Metastases,Metastases
D010936	Plant Extracts	Concentrated pharmaceutical preparations of plants obtained by removing active constituents with a suitable solvent, which is evaporated away, and adjusting the residue to a prescribed standard.	Herbal Medicines,Plant Extract,Extract, Plant,Extracts, Plant,Medicines, Herbal
D000276	Adjuvants, Immunologic	Substances that augment, stimulate, activate, potentiate, or modulate the immune response at either the cellular or humoral level. The classical agents (Freund's adjuvant, BCG, Corynebacterium parvum, et al.) contain bacterial antigens. Some are endogenous (e.g., histamine, interferon, transfer factor, tuftsin, interleukin-1). Their mode of action is either non-specific, resulting in increased immune responsiveness to a wide variety of antigens, or antigen-specific, i.e., affecting a restricted type of immune response to a narrow group of antigens. The therapeutic efficacy of many biological response modifiers is related to their antigen-specific immunoadjuvanticity.	Immunoactivators,Immunoadjuvant,Immunoadjuvants,Immunologic Adjuvant,Immunopotentiator,Immunopotentiators,Immunostimulant,Immunostimulants,Adjuvant, Immunologic,Adjuvants, Immunological,Immunologic Adjuvants,Immunological Adjuvant,Adjuvant, Immunological,Immunological Adjuvants
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia