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Human APOBEC3F is another host factor that blocks human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication. 2004

Yong-Hui Zheng, and Dan Irwin, and Takeshi Kurosu, and Kenzo Tokunaga, and Tetsutaro Sata, and B Matija Peterlin
Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 3rd and Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143-0703, USA.

Recently, APOBEC3G has been identified as a host factor that blocks retroviral replication. It introduces G to A hypermutations in newly synthesized minus strand viral cDNA at the step of reverse transcription in target cells. Here, we identified the human APOBEC3F protein as another host factor that blocks human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Similar to APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F also induced G to A hypermutations in HIV genomic DNA, and the viral Vif protein counteracted its activity. Thus, APOBEC family members might have evolved as a general defense mechanism of the body against retroviruses, retrotransposons, and other mobile genetic elements.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009154 Mutation Any detectable and heritable change in the genetic material that causes a change in the GENOTYPE and which is transmitted to daughter cells and to succeeding generations. Mutations
D009700 Nucleoside Deaminases Catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleosides with the elimination of ammonia. Deaminases, Nucleoside
D011506 Proteins Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein. Gene Products, Protein,Gene Proteins,Protein,Protein Gene Products,Proteins, Gene
D012097 Repressor Proteins Proteins which maintain the transcriptional quiescence of specific GENES or OPERONS. Classical repressor proteins are DNA-binding proteins that are normally bound to the OPERATOR REGION of an operon, or the ENHANCER SEQUENCES of a gene until a signal occurs that causes their release. Repressor Molecules,Transcriptional Silencing Factors,Proteins, Repressor,Silencing Factors, Transcriptional
D003564 Cytidine Deaminase An enzyme that catalyzes the deamination of cytidine, forming uridine. EC 3.5.4.5. Cytidine Aminohydrolase,Aminohydrolase, Cytidine,Deaminase, Cytidine
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000071479 APOBEC-1 Deaminase An APOBEC deaminase catalytic subunit of the apolipoprotein B (APOB) MESSENGER RNA (mRNA) editing enzyme complex that is involved in post-transcriptional editing of a CAA codon for GLYCINE to a UAA STOP CODON in the ApoB mRNA. It also functions in CGA (ARGININE) to UGA STOP CODON editing of NEUROFIBROMIN 1 mRNA and EPIGENETIC PROCESSES. APOBEC-1,APOBEC-1 Protein,APOBEC1 Deaminase,APOBEC1 Protein,Apo B mRNA Editing Protein,ApoB mRNA Editing Catalytic Subunit,Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Enzyme,Apolipoprotein B mRNA Editing Enzyme, Catalytic Polypeptide 1,HEPR Protein,APOBEC 1 Deaminase,APOBEC 1 Protein,Deaminase, APOBEC-1,Deaminase, APOBEC1
D000071480 APOBEC-3G Deaminase An APOBEC deaminase that functions as an inhibitor of RETROVIRIDAE replication and inhibits the mobility of RETROTRANSPOSONS via deaminase-dependent and independent mechanisms. It is selective for SINGLE-STRANDED DNA and does not deaminate double-stranded DNA or single or DOUBLE-STRANDED RNA. It exhibits potent antiviral activity against VIF PROTEIN deficient HIV-1 through the creation of hypermutations in the VIRAL DNA. It also has anti-viral activity against SIMIAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUSES and HEPATITIS B VIRUS. APOBEC-3G Protein,APOBEC-3G dC-dU Editing Enzyme,APOBEC-Related Cytidine Deaminase,APOBEC-Related Protein,APOBEC3G Deaminase,APOBEC3G Protein,CEM15 Protein,APOBEC 3G Deaminase,APOBEC 3G Protein,APOBEC 3G dC dU Editing Enzyme,APOBEC Related Cytidine Deaminase,APOBEC Related Protein,Cytidine Deaminase, APOBEC-Related,Deaminase, APOBEC-3G,Deaminase, APOBEC3G
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein

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