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Expression of a human growth hormone (hGH) receptor isoform is predicted by tissue-specific alternative splicing of exon 3 of the hGH receptor gene transcript. 1992

M Urbanek, and J N MacLeod, and N E Cooke, and S A Liebhaber
Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Human Genetics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104.

Four members of the GH gene family, human (h) GH-V, human chorionic somatomammotropin-A (hCS-A), hCS-B, and hCS-L, are expressed in the human placenta. In attempting to define the role of these hormones in placental development, we have structurally characterized the human placental GH receptor (GHR) mRNA. Human GHR cDNAs were cloned from a human placental cDNA library. Clone pGHR-P1 encompasses the entire hGHR-coding region and is identical to the previously reported liver hGHR cDNA, except for a precise deletion of the sequences corresponding to exon 3. This mRNA with an exon 3 deletion is the sole form of the hGHR mRNAs in the placental villi. A reverse transcription/polymerase chain reaction assay was used to further characterize GHR mRNA expression. Human GHR mRNA was detected in all placental tissues as well as in a wide spectrum of other tissues and cell lines. The distribution of the exon 3-retaining and exon 3-excluding isoforms of the hGHR mRNA shows distinct tissue specificity. Some tissues and cell lines contain only one of the two forms, and some contain a mixed population. Since exon 3 encodes a segment in the extracellular domain of the receptor, its alternative inclusion or exclusion may mediate critical alterations in hormone binding and physiological function.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008969 Molecular Sequence Data Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories. Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D010920 Placenta A highly vascularized mammalian fetal-maternal organ and major site of transport of oxygen, nutrients, and fetal waste products. It includes a fetal portion (CHORIONIC VILLI) derived from TROPHOBLASTS and a maternal portion (DECIDUA) derived from the uterine ENDOMETRIUM. The placenta produces an array of steroid, protein and peptide hormones (PLACENTAL HORMONES). Placentoma, Normal,Placentome,Placentas,Placentomes
D011986 Receptors, Somatotropin Cell surface proteins that bind GROWTH HORMONE with high affinity and trigger intracellular changes influencing the behavior of cells. Activation of growth hormone receptors regulates amino acid transport through cell membranes, RNA translation to protein, DNA transcription, and protein and amino acid catabolism in many cell types. Many of these effects are mediated indirectly through stimulation of the release of somatomedins. Growth Hormone Receptors,Receptors, Growth Hormone,Somatomammotropin Receptors,Somatotropin Receptors,Growth Hormone Receptor,Receptor, Growth Hormone,Receptors, Somatomammotropin,Somatomammotropin Receptor,Somatotropin Receptor,Hormone Receptor, Growth,Hormone Receptors, Growth
D002460 Cell Line Established cell cultures that have the potential to propagate indefinitely. Cell Lines,Line, Cell,Lines, Cell
D003001 Cloning, Molecular The insertion of recombinant DNA molecules from prokaryotic and/or eukaryotic sources into a replicating vehicle, such as a plasmid or virus vector, and the introduction of the resultant hybrid molecules into recipient cells without altering the viability of those cells. Molecular Cloning
D005091 Exons The parts of a transcript of a split GENE remaining after the INTRONS are removed. They are spliced together to become a MESSENGER RNA or other functional RNA. Mini-Exon,Exon,Mini Exon,Mini-Exons
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000595 Amino Acid Sequence The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION. Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D001483 Base Sequence The sequence of PURINES and PYRIMIDINES in nucleic acids and polynucleotides. It is also called nucleotide sequence. DNA Sequence,Nucleotide Sequence,RNA Sequence,DNA Sequences,Base Sequences,Nucleotide Sequences,RNA Sequences,Sequence, Base,Sequence, DNA,Sequence, Nucleotide,Sequence, RNA,Sequences, Base,Sequences, DNA,Sequences, Nucleotide,Sequences, RNA
D012326 RNA Splicing The ultimate exclusion of nonsense sequences or intervening sequences (introns) before the final RNA transcript is sent to the cytoplasm. RNA, Messenger, Splicing,Splicing, RNA,RNA Splicings,Splicings, RNA

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