OBJECTIVE To observe the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) on wound healing of bilioenteric anastomosis as to prevent postoperative biliary strictures. METHODS A model of choledochoduodenostomy in 31 dogs were constructed at first, then bFGF was administered on the local anastomosis (bFGF group) for 1 week after the operation as compared with sodium chloride solution (control group). Both groups were observed with light microscope (HE, Masson staining) and electron microscope 3 days, 1 and 3 weeks and 3 and 6 months after the operation (n=3). Hydroxyproline was measured at the same time. RESULTS bFGF group healed more quickly compared with control group. Good function of cells were detected by electron microscope. Better mucosa epithelia, fibroblast, and capillary vessel proliferation were detected by histological observation in bFGF group. In bFGF group, collagen fibers were arranged orderly. Three weeks after operation, collagen fibers in control group were orderless and in whirlpool. Hydroxyproline of bFGF group was lower than that of control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS bFGF administered in local anastomosis is an effective method to prevent postoperative anastomotic stenosis.