Biomaterial Database

Identification and mapping of protein-protein interactions by a combination of cross-linking, cleavage, and proteomics. 2005

Michael A Trakselis, and Stephen C Alley, and Faoud T Ishmael

Medical Research Council, Cancer Cell Unit, Hutchison MRC Research Centre, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2XZ, United Kingdom.

Protein-protein interactions are vital for almost all cellular functions, and many require the formation of multiprotein complexes. Identification of the macroscopic and microscopic protein interactions within these complexes is essential in understanding their mechanisms, both under physiologic as well as pathologic conditions. This review describes the current technology available to investigate interactions between proteins utilizing chemical cross-linking and site-directed cleavage reagents, outlining the necessary steps involved in identifying interacting proteins both in vitro and in vivo. Once interacting proteins are identified, more information about the architecture of the assemblies is necessary. Unique separation techniques coupled with cross-linking and mass spectrometry can now identify specific interaction sites and lead to the development of quaternary structural protein models. Furthermore, combination of these methods with proteomic approaches enables the identification and analysis of complex interactions in vivo. Finally, future directions in cross-linking methodologies are discussed.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008958	Models, Molecular	Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures.	Molecular Models,Model, Molecular,Molecular Model
D011485	Protein Binding	The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.	Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D011506	Proteins	Linear POLYPEPTIDES that are synthesized on RIBOSOMES and may be further modified, crosslinked, cleaved, or assembled into complex proteins with several subunits. The specific sequence of AMINO ACIDS determines the shape the polypeptide will take, during PROTEIN FOLDING, and the function of the protein.	Gene Products, Protein,Gene Proteins,Protein,Protein Gene Products,Proteins, Gene
D003432	Cross-Linking Reagents	Reagents with two reactive groups, usually at opposite ends of the molecule, that are capable of reacting with and thereby forming bridges between side chains of amino acids in proteins; the locations of naturally reactive areas within proteins can thereby be identified; may also be used for other macromolecules, like glycoproteins, nucleic acids, or other.	Bifunctional Reagent,Bifunctional Reagents,Cross Linking Reagent,Crosslinking Reagent,Cross Linking Reagents,Crosslinking Reagents,Linking Reagent, Cross,Linking Reagents, Cross,Reagent, Bifunctional,Reagent, Cross Linking,Reagent, Crosslinking,Reagents, Bifunctional,Reagents, Cross Linking,Reagents, Cross-Linking,Reagents, Crosslinking
D006868	Hydrolysis	The process of cleaving a chemical compound by the addition of a molecule of water.
D013058	Mass Spectrometry	An analytical method used in determining the identity of a chemical based on its mass using mass analyzers/mass spectrometers.	Mass Spectroscopy,Spectrometry, Mass,Spectroscopy, Mass,Spectrum Analysis, Mass,Analysis, Mass Spectrum,Mass Spectrum Analysis,Analyses, Mass Spectrum,Mass Spectrum Analyses,Spectrum Analyses, Mass
D040901	Proteomics	The systematic study of the complete complement of proteins (PROTEOME) of organisms.	Peptidomics