Biomaterial Database

Acyclic nucleoside phosphonates: a key class of antiviral drugs. 2005

Erik De Clercq, and Antonín Holý

Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. erik.declercq@rega.kuleuven.ac.be

Almost 20 years after the broad antiviral activity spectrum of the first acyclic nucleoside phosphonates was described, several of these compounds have become important therapies for DNA virus and retrovirus infections. Here, we review the discovery and development of acyclic nucleoside phosphonates, focusing on cidofovir and its potential in the treatment of various herpes-, papilloma-, polyoma-, adeno- and pox-virus infections, adefovir for the treatment of hepatitis B and tenofovir for the treatment of AIDS and the prevention of HIV infections.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D009705	Nucleosides	Purine or pyrimidine bases attached to a ribose or deoxyribose. (From King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed)	Nucleoside,Nucleoside Analog,Nucleoside Analogs,Analog, Nucleoside,Analogs, Nucleoside
D004266	DNA Virus Infections	Diseases caused by DNA VIRUSES.	Infections, DNA Virus,DNA Virus Infection,Infection, DNA Virus,Virus Infection, DNA,Virus Infections, DNA
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D000998	Antiviral Agents	Agents used in the prophylaxis or therapy of VIRUS DISEASES. Some of the ways they may act include preventing viral replication by inhibiting viral DNA polymerase; binding to specific cell-surface receptors and inhibiting viral penetration or uncoating; inhibiting viral protein synthesis; or blocking late stages of virus assembly.	Antiviral,Antiviral Agent,Antiviral Drug,Antivirals,Antiviral Drugs,Agent, Antiviral,Agents, Antiviral,Drug, Antiviral,Drugs, Antiviral
D015195	Drug Design	The molecular designing of drugs for specific purposes (such as DNA-binding, enzyme inhibition, anti-cancer efficacy, etc.) based on knowledge of molecular properties such as activity of functional groups, molecular geometry, and electronic structure, and also on information cataloged on analogous molecules. Drug design is generally computer-assisted molecular modeling and does not include PHARMACOKINETICS, dosage analysis, or drug administration analysis.	Computer-Aided Drug Design,Computerized Drug Design,Drug Modeling,Pharmaceutical Design,Computer Aided Drug Design,Computer-Aided Drug Designs,Computerized Drug Designs,Design, Pharmaceutical,Drug Design, Computer-Aided,Drug Design, Computerized,Drug Designs,Drug Modelings,Pharmaceutical Designs
D015394	Molecular Structure	The location of the atoms, groups or ions relative to one another in a molecule, as well as the number, type and location of covalent bonds.	Structure, Molecular,Molecular Structures,Structures, Molecular
D063065	Organophosphonates	Carbon-containing phosphonic acid compounds. Included under this heading are compounds that have carbon bound to either OXYGEN atom or the PHOSPHOROUS atom of the (P	Phosphonate,Phosphonates,Phosphonic Acid Esters,Acid Esters, Phosphonic,Esters, Phosphonic Acid