Biomaterial Database

Modification of phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from baker's yeast by proteolytic cleavage and properties of the trypsin-modified enzyme. 1975

F Fasiolo, and Y Boulanger, and J Ebel

Earlier studies have shown that native phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase from baker's yeast contains two different kinds of subunits, alpha of molecular weight 73000 and beta of molecular weight 63000. The enzyme is an asymmetric tetramer alpha-2beta-2, which binds two moles of each ligand per mole. Incubation of the purified enzyme with trypsin results in an irreversible conversion: the alpha-subunit remains apparently unchanged but beta is rapidly degraded and yields a lighter species beta of molecular weight 41000. The trypsin-modified enzyme is an alpha-2beta-2 molecule which can still activate phenylalanine but cannot transfer it to tRNA-Phe; furthermore it does not bind tRNA-Phe but its kinetic parameters are identical to those of the native enzyme with respect to ATP and phenylalanine. Therefore the two beta subunits play a critical part in tRNA binding. Isolated alpha or beta subunits exhibit no significant activity and both types of subunit seem to be required for phenylalanine activation.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007700	Kinetics	The rate dynamics in chemical or physical systems.
D008970	Molecular Weight	The sum of the weight of all the atoms in a molecule.	Molecular Weights,Weight, Molecular,Weights, Molecular
D010652	Phenylalanine-tRNA Ligase	An enzyme that activates phenylalanine with its specific transfer RNA. EC 6.1.1.20.	Phenylalanyl T RNA Synthetase,Phe-tRNA Ligase,Phenylalanyl-tRNA Synthetase,Ligase, Phe-tRNA,Ligase, Phenylalanine-tRNA,Phe tRNA Ligase,Phenylalanine tRNA Ligase,Phenylalanyl tRNA Synthetase,Synthetase, Phenylalanyl-tRNA
D011485	Protein Binding	The process in which substances, either endogenous or exogenous, bind to proteins, peptides, enzymes, protein precursors, or allied compounds. Specific protein-binding measures are often used as assays in diagnostic assessments.	Plasma Protein Binding Capacity,Binding, Protein
D011756	Diphosphates	Inorganic salts of phosphoric acid that contain two phosphate groups.	Diphosphate,Pyrophosphate Analog,Pyrophosphates,Pyrophosphate Analogs,Analog, Pyrophosphate
D004591	Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel	Electrophoresis in which a polyacrylamide gel is used as the diffusion medium.	Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis,SDS-PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGE,Gel Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide,SDS PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PAGE,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-PAGEs
D000255	Adenosine Triphosphate	An adenine nucleotide containing three phosphate groups esterified to the sugar moiety. In addition to its crucial roles in metabolism adenosine triphosphate is a neurotransmitter.	ATP,Adenosine Triphosphate, Calcium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Manganese Salt,Adenylpyrophosphate,CaATP,CrATP,Manganese Adenosine Triphosphate,MgATP,MnATP,ATP-MgCl2,Adenosine Triphosphate, Chromium Ammonium Salt,Adenosine Triphosphate, Magnesium Chloride,Atriphos,Chromium Adenosine Triphosphate,Cr(H2O)4 ATP,Magnesium Adenosine Triphosphate,Striadyne,ATP MgCl2
D000604	Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases	A subclass of enzymes that aminoacylate AMINO ACID-SPECIFIC TRANSFER RNA with their corresponding AMINO ACIDS.	Amino Acyl T RNA Synthetases,Amino Acyl-tRNA Ligases,Aminoacyl Transfer RNA Synthetase,Aminoacyl-tRNA Synthetase,Transfer RNA Synthetase,tRNA Synthetase,Acyl-tRNA Ligases, Amino,Acyl-tRNA Synthetases, Amino,Amino Acyl tRNA Ligases,Amino Acyl tRNA Synthetases,Aminoacyl tRNA Synthetase,Ligases, Amino Acyl-tRNA,RNA Synthetase, Transfer,Synthetase, Aminoacyl-tRNA,Synthetase, Transfer RNA,Synthetase, tRNA,Synthetases, Amino Acyl-tRNA
D001665	Binding Sites	The parts of a macromolecule that directly participate in its specific combination with another molecule.	Combining Site,Binding Site,Combining Sites,Site, Binding,Site, Combining,Sites, Binding,Sites, Combining
D012343	RNA, Transfer	The small RNA molecules, 73-80 nucleotides long, that function during translation (TRANSLATION, GENETIC) to align AMINO ACIDS at the RIBOSOMES in a sequence determined by the mRNA (RNA, MESSENGER). There are about 30 different transfer RNAs. Each recognizes a specific CODON set on the mRNA through its own ANTICODON and as aminoacyl tRNAs (RNA, TRANSFER, AMINO ACYL), each carries a specific amino acid to the ribosome to add to the elongating peptide chains.	Suppressor Transfer RNA,Transfer RNA,tRNA,RNA, Transfer, Suppressor,Transfer RNA, Suppressor,RNA, Suppressor Transfer