Biomaterial Database

Is the association of maternal smoking and pregnancy-induced hypertension dependent on fetal growth? 2007

Morgan R Peltier, and Cande V Ananth

Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.

OBJECTIVE The risk of pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is decreased by smoking, but the mechanisms remain unclear. Our objective was to determine whether this association is dependent on decreased fetal growth. METHODS A population-based, retrospective cohort study in the United States was performed consisting of nulliparous women who delivered a singleton birth (n = 8,025,295) between 1995 and 2002. Fetal growth was defined as birthweight for gestational age and characterized as less than 1, 1-2, 3-4, 5-9, 10-19, ..., 90 or greater centiles. Risk and relative risk of PIH before and after adjusting for confounders were estimated. RESULTS Smoking was associated with decreased risk of PIH with up to a 46% decreased risk of PIH for growth-restricted babies (less than the 10th centile). This association, however, decreased with increasing birthweight centile and was nonsignificant at 20th or greater centile among heavy smokers, at 60th or greater centile for moderate, and 80th or greater centile for light smokers. CONCLUSIONS Smoking was primarily associated with decreased risk of PIH among growth-restricted babies.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011247	Pregnancy	The status during which female mammals carry their developing young (EMBRYOS or FETUSES) in utero before birth, beginning from FERTILIZATION to BIRTH.	Gestation,Pregnancies
D001724	Birth Weight	The mass or quantity of heaviness of an individual at BIRTH. It is expressed by units of pounds or kilograms.	Birthweight,Birth Weights,Birthweights,Weight, Birth,Weights, Birth
D005260	Female		Females
D005317	Fetal Growth Retardation	Failure of a FETUS to attain expected GROWTH.	Growth Retardation, Intrauterine,Intrauterine Growth Retardation,Fetal Growth Restriction,Intrauterine Growth Restriction
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000328	Adult	A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available.	Adults
D012189	Retrospective Studies	Studies used to test etiologic hypotheses in which inferences about an exposure to putative causal factors are derived from data relating to characteristics of persons under study or to events or experiences in their past. The essential feature is that some of the persons under study have the disease or outcome of interest and their characteristics are compared with those of unaffected persons.	Retrospective Study,Studies, Retrospective,Study, Retrospective
D012907	Smoking	Willful or deliberate act of inhaling and exhaling SMOKE from burning substances or agents held by hand.	Smoking Behaviors,Smoking Habit,Behavior, Smoking,Behaviors, Smoking,Habit, Smoking,Habits, Smoking,Smoking Behavior,Smoking Habits
D014481	United States	A country in NORTH AMERICA between CANADA and MEXICO.
D015331	Cohort Studies	Studies in which subsets of a defined population are identified. These groups may or may not be exposed to factors hypothesized to influence the probability of the occurrence of a particular disease or other outcome. Cohorts are defined populations which, as a whole, are followed in an attempt to determine distinguishing subgroup characteristics.	Birth Cohort Studies,Birth Cohort Study,Closed Cohort Studies,Cohort Analysis,Concurrent Studies,Historical Cohort Studies,Incidence Studies,Analysis, Cohort,Cohort Studies, Closed,Cohort Studies, Historical,Studies, Closed Cohort,Studies, Concurrent,Studies, Historical Cohort,Analyses, Cohort,Closed Cohort Study,Cohort Analyses,Cohort Studies, Birth,Cohort Study,Cohort Study, Birth,Cohort Study, Closed,Cohort Study, Historical,Concurrent Study,Historical Cohort Study,Incidence Study,Studies, Birth Cohort,Studies, Cohort,Studies, Incidence,Study, Birth Cohort,Study, Closed Cohort,Study, Cohort,Study, Concurrent,Study, Historical Cohort,Study, Incidence