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Six degree and 10 degree circular modes represent the optimal methods available for intravenous cholangiography with tomography within the technical limitations and constraints outlined in this study. The 10 degree mode is superior in the presence of superimposed gas. Ten degree linear tomography is an efficient method for determining the level of the common bile duct but is not the optimal method for obtaining image detail. Thin secretion unidirectional or pleuridirectional modes are occasionally helpful in delineating fine details. The zone of focus is very narrow, permitting very limited sampling within the usual zone of interest. These modes are inefficient in determining the level of the duct and produce less useful image detail than 10 degree circular tomography for ducts of normal, or slightly larger than normal diameters. They are seldom indicated as the primary modality in tomography of the common bile duct.
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
March 1986,
AJR. American journal of roentgenology,
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
July 2022,
Surgical endoscopy,
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
September 2022,
Journal of laparoendoscopic & advanced surgical techniques. Part A,
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
October 1995,
Liver,
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
April 1997,
The British journal of surgery,
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
February 1960,
Zhonghua wai ke za zhi [Chinese journal of surgery],
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
October 1995,
Gastrointestinal endoscopy clinics of North America,
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
February 1958,
The New England journal of medicine,
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
August 1996,
Australasian radiology,
G R Smith, and
J W Loop, and
T N Allan
May 1982,
American journal of surgery,
