Biophysical parameters of skin: map of human face, regional, and age-related differences. 2007

Slaheddine Marrakchi, and Howard I Maibach
Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0989, USA.

The face showed anatomical variation on reaction to chemicals, which could be related to differences in biophysical specificities of the skin. The aim of this study was to establish a map of the face for 6 biophysical parameters.10 young human volunteers (24-34 years) and 10 old volunteers (66-83 years) were studied to prepare a map of the human face based on regional variations and age-related differences by measuring various biophysical parameters. 7 locations on the face, neck, and forearm were investigated. Skin blood flow, transepidermal water loss (TEWL), stratum corneum hydration (capacitance), temperature, pH, and sebum content of the skin surface were measured. In both groups, skin blood flow in the nose showed the highest value. Perioral and nasolabial areas showed the highest TEWL values. The neck showed the highest capacitance value. The highest skin temperature was detected in the neck in the young group and in the nasolabial area in the old group. The chin showed the most alkaline pH in both groups. Nasolabial area showed the highest sebum content in the young group, as did the chin in the old group. These baseline values provide a framework to build on for ascertaining disease and intervention-related effects.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009333 Neck The part of a human or animal body connecting the HEAD to the rest of the body. Necks
D012039 Regional Blood Flow The flow of BLOOD through or around an organ or region of the body. Blood Flow, Regional,Blood Flows, Regional,Flow, Regional Blood,Flows, Regional Blood,Regional Blood Flows
D012044 Regression Analysis Procedures for finding the mathematical function which best describes the relationship between a dependent variable and one or more independent variables. In linear regression (see LINEAR MODELS) the relationship is constrained to be a straight line and LEAST-SQUARES ANALYSIS is used to determine the best fit. In logistic regression (see LOGISTIC MODELS) the dependent variable is qualitative rather than continuously variable and LIKELIHOOD FUNCTIONS are used to find the best relationship. In multiple regression, the dependent variable is considered to depend on more than a single independent variable. Regression Diagnostics,Statistical Regression,Analysis, Regression,Analyses, Regression,Diagnostics, Regression,Regression Analyses,Regression, Statistical,Regressions, Statistical,Statistical Regressions
D005145 Face The anterior portion of the head that includes the skin, muscles, and structures of the forehead, eyes, nose, mouth, cheeks, and jaw. Faces
D005542 Forearm Part of the upper extremity in humans and primates extending from the ELBOW to the WRIST. Antebrachium,Antebrachiums,Forearms
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D006863 Hydrogen-Ion Concentration The normality of a solution with respect to HYDROGEN ions; H+. It is related to acidity measurements in most cases by pH pH,Concentration, Hydrogen-Ion,Concentrations, Hydrogen-Ion,Hydrogen Ion Concentration,Hydrogen-Ion Concentrations
D000328 Adult A person having attained full growth or maturity. Adults are of 19 through 44 years of age. For a person between 19 and 24 years of age, YOUNG ADULT is available. Adults
D000367 Age Factors Age as a constituent element or influence contributing to the production of a result. It may be applicable to the cause or the effect of a circumstance. It is used with human or animal concepts but should be differentiated from AGING, a physiological process, and TIME FACTORS which refers only to the passage of time. Age Reporting,Age Factor,Factor, Age,Factors, Age
D000368 Aged A person 65 years of age or older. For a person older than 79 years, AGED, 80 AND OVER is available. Elderly

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