Biomaterial Database

Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus and Choristoneura fumiferana multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus v-cath genes are expressed as pre-proenzymes. 2009

Jeffrey J Hodgson, and Basil M Arif, and Peter J Krell

Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

Intracellular processing and trafficking of the baculovirus v-cath expressed cathepsin (V-CATH), which lacks canonical targeting signals, are poorly understood. The cathepsins of Autographa californica multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (AcMNPV), Choristoneura fumiferana multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (CfMNPV) and most other alphabaculovirus group I nucleopolyhedroviruses have well-conserved N-termini containing overlapping chymotrypsin-cleavage (Y(11)) and myristoylation (G(12)) motifs, which are suggestive of proteolytic signal-peptide cleavage to generate proV-CATH and subsequent acylation. To determine proteolytic N-terminal processing of V-CATH, haemagglutinin epitope-coding tags were fused to the 5' and/or 3' ends of AcMNPV and CfMNPV v-cath. Immunoblot analysis suggested that a small N-terminal peptide is cleaved for both viruses, indicating that v-cath is expressed as a pre-proenzyme. The two viral homologues undergo similar proteolytic processing, but have different glycosylation or other post-translational modifications. An AcMNPV V-CATH-DsRED fusion protein co-localized to the endoplasmic reticulum with an HDEL motif-containing green fluorescent protein. Based on these findings, pre-proV-CATH processing and trafficking mechanisms are postulated.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D007915	Lepidoptera	A large order of insects comprising the butterflies and moths.
D008969	Molecular Sequence Data	Descriptions of specific amino acid, carbohydrate, or nucleotide sequences which have appeared in the published literature and/or are deposited in and maintained by databanks such as GENBANK, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), National Biomedical Research Foundation (NBRF), or other sequence repositories.	Sequence Data, Molecular,Molecular Sequencing Data,Data, Molecular Sequence,Data, Molecular Sequencing,Sequencing Data, Molecular
D009036	Moths	Insects of the suborder Heterocera of the order LEPIDOPTERA.	Antheraea,Giant Silkmoths,Giant Silkworms,Silkmoths, Giant,Silkworms, Giant,Antheraeas,Giant Silkmoth,Giant Silkworm,Moth,Silkmoth, Giant,Silkworm, Giant
D002403	Cathepsins	A group of lysosomal proteinases or endopeptidases found in aqueous extracts of a variety of animal tissues. They function optimally within an acidic pH range. The cathepsins occur as a variety of enzyme subtypes including SERINE PROTEASES; ASPARTIC PROTEINASES; and CYSTEINE PROTEASES.	Cathepsin
D003546	Cysteine Endopeptidases	ENDOPEPTIDASES which have a cysteine involved in the catalytic process. This group of enzymes is inactivated by CYSTEINE PROTEINASE INHIBITORS such as CYSTATINS and SULFHYDRYL REAGENTS.
D004792	Enzyme Precursors	Physiologically inactive substances that can be converted to active enzymes.	Enzyme Precursor,Proenzyme,Proenzymes,Zymogen,Zymogens,Precursor, Enzyme,Precursors, Enzyme
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D014764	Viral Proteins	Proteins found in any species of virus.	Gene Products, Viral,Viral Gene Products,Viral Gene Proteins,Viral Protein,Protein, Viral,Proteins, Viral
D015967	Gene Expression Regulation, Viral	Any of the processes by which cytoplasmic factors influence the differential control of gene action in viruses.	Regulation of Gene Expression, Viral,Viral Gene Expression Regulation,Regulation, Gene Expression, Viral