BIOMAT Database Logo BIOMAT Database Logo

Macromolecular prodrugs. XII. Primaquine conjugates: synthesis and preliminary antimalarial evaluation. 2009

Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb Croatia.

New primaquine conjugates 5-7 with glucosamine and two polymers of polyaspartamide type, poly[alpha,beta-(N-2-hydroxyethyl-DL-aspartamide)] (PHEA) and poly[alpha,beta-(N-3-hydroxypropyl-DL-aspartamide)] (PHPA), were synthesized, characterized and screened for their antimalarial activity. The conjugates differed in the type of covalent bonding, length of the spacer between the polymeric carrier and drug, molecular mass and drug-loading. Blood-schizontocidal activity of the prepared conjugates was tested against Plasmodium berghei infection in Swiss mice. Polymeric conjugates showed better antimalarial activity than the glucosamine conjugate.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008288 Malaria A protozoan disease caused in humans by four species of the PLASMODIUM genus: PLASMODIUM FALCIPARUM; PLASMODIUM VIVAX; PLASMODIUM OVALE; and PLASMODIUM MALARIAE; and transmitted by the bite of an infected female mosquito of the genus ANOPHELES. Malaria is endemic in parts of Asia, Africa, Central and South America, Oceania, and certain Caribbean islands. It is characterized by extreme exhaustion associated with paroxysms of high FEVER; SWEATING; shaking CHILLS; and ANEMIA. Malaria in ANIMALS is caused by other species of plasmodia. Marsh Fever,Plasmodium Infections,Remittent Fever,Infections, Plasmodium,Paludism,Fever, Marsh,Fever, Remittent,Infection, Plasmodium,Plasmodium Infection
D008297 Male Males
D010455 Peptides Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS. Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D010962 Plasmodium berghei A protozoan parasite of rodents transmitted by the mosquito Anopheles dureni. Plasmodium bergheus,berghei, Plasmodium
D011319 Primaquine An aminoquinoline that is given by mouth to produce a radical cure and prevent relapse of vivax and ovale malarias following treatment with a blood schizontocide. It has also been used to prevent transmission of falciparum malaria by those returning to areas where there is a potential for re-introduction of malaria. Adverse effects include anemias and GI disturbances. (From Martindale, The Extra Pharmacopeia, 30th ed, p404) Primacin,Primaquine Diphosphate,Primaquine Phosphate,Diphosphate, Primaquine,Phosphate, Primaquine
D011355 Prodrugs A compound that, on administration, must undergo chemical conversion by metabolic processes before becoming the pharmacologically active drug for which it is a prodrug. Drug Precursor,Drug Precursors,Pro-Drug,Prodrug,Pro-Drugs,Precursor, Drug,Precursors, Drug,Pro Drug,Pro Drugs
D002626 Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry dealing with the composition and preparation of agents having PHARMACOLOGIC ACTIONS or diagnostic use. Medicinal Chemistry,Chemistry, Pharmaceutic,Pharmaceutic Chemistry,Pharmaceutical Chemistry,Chemistry, Medicinal
D004337 Drug Carriers Forms to which substances are incorporated to improve the delivery and the effectiveness of drugs. Drug carriers are used in drug-delivery systems such as the controlled-release technology to prolong in vivo drug actions, decrease drug metabolism, and reduce drug toxicity. Carriers are also used in designs to increase the effectiveness of drug delivery to the target sites of pharmacological actions. Liposomes, albumin microspheres, soluble synthetic polymers, DNA complexes, protein-drug conjugates, and carrier erythrocytes among others have been employed as biodegradable drug carriers. Drug Carrier
D005260 Female Females
D005944 Glucosamine 2-Amino-2-Deoxyglucose,Dona,Dona S,Glucosamine Sulfate,Hespercorbin,Xicil,2 Amino 2 Deoxyglucose,Sulfate, Glucosamine

Related Publications

Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
Macromolecular prodrugs. VIII. Synthesis of polymer-gemfibrozil conjugates.
April 2000, International journal of pharmaceutics,
Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
Macromolecular prodrugs. IX. Synthesis of polymer-fenoprofen conjugates.
October 2001, International journal of pharmaceutics,
Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
Synthesis of primaquine glyco-conjugates as potential tissue schizontocidal antimalarial agents.
August 2017, Chemical biology & drug design,
Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
[Synthesis of 4-methyl-5-substituted phenoxy-primaquine analogues and preliminary evaluation on their antimalarial activity].
January 1994, Yao xue xue bao = Acta pharmaceutica Sinica,
Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
Synthesis and antimalarial evaluation of prodrugs of novel fosmidomycin analogues.
January 2015, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry letters,
Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
Synthesis and in vitro evaluation of potential antichagasic dipeptide prodrugs of primaquine.
October 1997, Journal of pharmaceutical sciences,
Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
4-Aminoquinoline-β-lactam conjugates: synthesis, antimalarial, and antitubercular evaluation.
February 2014, Chemical biology & drug design,
Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
A carbamate-based approach to primaquine prodrugs: antimalarial activity, chemical stability and enzymatic activation.
January 2012, Bioorganic & medicinal chemistry,
Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
Synthesis and antimalarial evaluation of artesunate-polyamine and trioxolane-polyamine conjugates.
November 2017, European journal of medicinal chemistry,
Zrinka Rajić, and Gabrijela Kos, and Branka Zorc, and Prati Pal Singh, and Savita Singh
Synthesis and evaluation of amylose-mefenamic acid conjugates as colon-targeting prodrugs.
March 2024, Therapeutic delivery,
Copied contents to your clipboard!