Biomaterial Database

Purification and characterization of human liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 2A6. 1991

C H Yun, and T Shimada, and F P Guengerich

Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146.

Cytochrome P-450 (P-450) 2A6 was purified by chromatography of human liver microsomes. The final preparation was electrophoretically homogeneous and contained 16 nmol of P-450/mg of protein. The amino-terminal amino acid sequence of the protein (first 13 residues) matched that of the reported cDNA exactly. The UV-visible spectrum indicated that the isolated hemoprotein was in the low-spin form. The protein was recognized by rabbit antibodies raised against rat P-450 2A1, and a rabbit antiserum against the P-450 2A6 preparation was also prepared. With these antibodies, it was estimated that P-450 2A6 accounted for a maximum of 1% of the total P-450 present in the human liver microsomes; the level varied greater than 100-fold among the 20 samples examined. Purified P-450 2A6 catalyzed coumarin 7-hydroxylation and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylation at rates similar to those measured in the human liver sample used to prepare P-450 2A6, and these two microsomal activities were strongly inhibited by the antibodies. The purified P-450 2A6 enzyme also catalyzed low levels of 4,4'-methylene-bis(2-chloroaniline) (MOCA) N-oxidation and activation of aflatoxin B1, 6-aminochrysene, 2-amino-3-methylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline, and 2-amino-3,5-dimethylimidazo [4,5-f]quinoline to genotoxic products; the antibody inhibited the activity of purified P-450 2A6 towards aflatoxin B1 and 6-aminochrysene but did not inhibit these reactions in human liver microsomes (MOCA N-oxidation was inhibited approximately 20%). Human P-450 2A6 did not catalyze testosterone 7 alpha-hydroxylation, a characteristic activity of the related rat P-450 2A1 protein. These results emphasize the need to characterize individual P-450 enzymes in order to understand their functions in the context of more complex systems.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008862	Microsomes, Liver	Closed vesicles of fragmented endoplasmic reticulum created when liver cells or tissue are disrupted by homogenization. They may be smooth or rough.	Liver Microsomes,Liver Microsome,Microsome, Liver
D002911	Chrysenes	1,2-Benzphenanthrenes. POLYCYCLIC COMPOUNDS obtained from coal tar.
D003374	Coumarins	Synthetic or naturally occurring substances related to coumarin, the delta-lactone of coumarinic acid.	1,2-Benzopyrone Derivatives,1,2-Benzopyrones,Coumarin Derivative,Coumarine,1,2-Benzo-Pyrones,Benzopyran-2-ones,Coumarin Derivatives,Coumarines,1,2 Benzo Pyrones,1,2 Benzopyrone Derivatives,1,2 Benzopyrones,Benzopyran 2 ones,Derivative, Coumarin,Derivatives, 1,2-Benzopyrone,Derivatives, Coumarin
D003577	Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System	A superfamily of hundreds of closely related HEMEPROTEINS found throughout the phylogenetic spectrum, from animals, plants, fungi, to bacteria. They include numerous complex monooxygenases (MIXED FUNCTION OXYGENASES). In animals, these P-450 enzymes serve two major functions: (1) biosynthesis of steroids, fatty acids, and bile acids; (2) metabolism of endogenous and a wide variety of exogenous substrates, such as toxins and drugs (BIOTRANSFORMATION). They are classified, according to their sequence similarities rather than functions, into CYP gene families (>40% homology) and subfamilies (>59% homology). For example, enzymes from the CYP1, CYP2, and CYP3 gene families are responsible for most drug metabolism.	Cytochrome P-450,Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme,Cytochrome P-450-Dependent Monooxygenase,P-450 Enzyme,P450 Enzyme,CYP450 Family,CYP450 Superfamily,Cytochrome P-450 Enzymes,Cytochrome P-450 Families,Cytochrome P-450 Monooxygenase,Cytochrome P-450 Oxygenase,Cytochrome P-450 Superfamily,Cytochrome P450,Cytochrome P450 Superfamily,Cytochrome p450 Families,P-450 Enzymes,P450 Enzymes,Cytochrome P 450,Cytochrome P 450 Dependent Monooxygenase,Cytochrome P 450 Enzyme,Cytochrome P 450 Enzyme System,Cytochrome P 450 Enzymes,Cytochrome P 450 Families,Cytochrome P 450 Monooxygenase,Cytochrome P 450 Oxygenase,Cytochrome P 450 Superfamily,Enzyme, Cytochrome P-450,Enzyme, P-450,Enzyme, P450,Enzymes, Cytochrome P-450,Enzymes, P-450,Enzymes, P450,Monooxygenase, Cytochrome P-450,Monooxygenase, Cytochrome P-450-Dependent,P 450 Enzyme,P 450 Enzymes,P-450 Enzyme, Cytochrome,P-450 Enzymes, Cytochrome,Superfamily, CYP450,Superfamily, Cytochrome P-450,Superfamily, Cytochrome P450
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000595	Amino Acid Sequence	The order of amino acids as they occur in a polypeptide chain. This is referred to as the primary structure of proteins. It is of fundamental importance in determining PROTEIN CONFORMATION.	Protein Structure, Primary,Amino Acid Sequences,Sequence, Amino Acid,Sequences, Amino Acid,Primary Protein Structure,Primary Protein Structures,Protein Structures, Primary,Structure, Primary Protein,Structures, Primary Protein
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001711	Biotransformation	The chemical alteration of an exogenous substance by or in a biological system. The alteration may inactivate the compound or it may result in the production of an active metabolite of an inactive parent compound. The alterations may be divided into METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE I and METABOLIC DETOXICATION, PHASE II.
D015660	7-Alkoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase	A drug-metabolizing enzyme found in the hepatic, placental and intestinal microsomes that metabolizes 7-alkoxycoumarin to 7-hydroxycoumarin. The enzyme is cytochrome P-450- dependent.	7-Ethoxycoumarin O-Dealkylase,7-Ethoxycoumarin O-Deethylase,7-Ethoxycoumarin Dealkylase,7-Ethoxycoumarin Hydroxylase,7-Ethoxycoumarin Monooxygenase,7-Ethoxycoumarin O-De-Ethylase,7-Propoxycoumarin O-Depropylase,Cytochrome P-450-Dependent O-Dealkylase,Ethoxycoumarin Deethylase,Ethoxycoumarin O-Deethylase,7 Alkoxycoumarin O Dealkylase,7 Ethoxycoumarin Dealkylase,7 Ethoxycoumarin Hydroxylase,7 Ethoxycoumarin Monooxygenase,7 Ethoxycoumarin O De Ethylase,7 Ethoxycoumarin O Dealkylase,7 Ethoxycoumarin O Deethylase,7 Propoxycoumarin O Depropylase,Cytochrome P 450 Dependent O Dealkylase,Dealkylase, 7-Ethoxycoumarin,Deethylase, Ethoxycoumarin,Ethoxycoumarin O Deethylase,Hydroxylase, 7-Ethoxycoumarin,Monooxygenase, 7-Ethoxycoumarin,O-Deethylase, 7-Ethoxycoumarin,O-Depropylase, 7-Propoxycoumarin,P-450-Dependent O-Dealkylase, Cytochrome
D015786	Cytochromes b5	Cytochromes of the b group that are found bound to cytoplasmic side of ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM. They serve as electron carrier proteins for a variety of membrane-bound OXYGENASES. They are reduced by the enzyme CYTOCHROME-B(5) REDUCTASE.	Apocytochrome b5,Cytochrome b-5,Cytochrome b5,Ferricytochrome b5,Cytochrome b 5