Retrograde transport and immunohistochemical double-labeling methods (Weinberg et al., 1985) were used to assess the distribution and projection status of spinal trigeminal (SpV) neurons that stain positively for glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) or gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Large bilateral injections of diamidino yellow into the rostral and lateral pons, inclusive of V nucleus principalis and the parabrachial nucleus, retrogradely labeled large numbers of cells in each SpV subnucleus. Many cells in SpV subnuclei caudalis, interpolaris, and oralis also exhibited GABA immunoreactivity; the largest numbers were in caudalis and the smallest numbers were in oralis. However, none of the GABA- or GAD-immunoreactive SpV cells were double-labeled with diamidino yellow, though some reticular neurons displayed both GABA and the retrograde tracer. This negative result refutes a previously offered hypothesis that SpV local-circuit neurons with principalis collaterals are GABA-ergic (Jacquin et al., 1989b). These data also indicate that parabrachial-projecting SpV neurons are not GABA-ergic.