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Location and regulation of octameric mitochondrial creatine kinase in the contact sites. 1991

M Kottke, and V Adams, and T Wallimann, and V K Nalam, and D Brdiczka
Faculty of Biology, University of Konstanz, F.R.G.

Differential extraction of creatine kinase activity (CK, EC 2.7.3.2) from rat brain mitochondria by graded concentrations of digitonin all yielded supernates varying in CK activity. As analyzed by isozyme electrophoresis and gel permeation chromatography the extracts contained different species of creatine kinase: (i) one third of the total CK activity consisting of contaminating cytosolic brain-type CK (B-CK) was liberated by 100 micrograms digitonin/mg of mitochondrial protein, (ii) approx. 20% more CK activity consisting of B-CK, as above, plus dimeric and octameric mitochondrial CK (Mi-CK), was extracted by 300 micrograms/mg digitonin, whereas (iii) all CK activity, consisting of B-CK and mainly octameric Mi-CK, were liberated by 700 micrograms/mg digitonin. In contrast to Mi-CK, B-CK associated with contaminating synaptic vesicles was readily extracted even by low concentrations of digitonin, but on the other hand octameric Mi-CK was significantly more resistant to digitonin extraction than the dimeric enzyme species. It appeared that the Mi-CK resistant to treatment with 300 micrograms/mg digitonin consisted to a large percentage of octamers and was organized as a complex between the two envelope membranes, for its activity was latent and still remained regulated by the outer membrane pore, that is: (i) the Mi-CK activity in such mitoplasts could be inhibited reversibly by cessation of the adenine nucleotide transport through the outer membrane pore with a polyanion, (ii) the ADP produced by Mi-CK in mitoplasts was not available to external pyruvate kinase, (iii) approx. 50% of total CK activity was not susceptible to inhibition by iodo acetate and phosphocreatine. In agreement with these findings a preferential association of octameric Mi-CK was also found in isolated contact site fractions indicating a physiological role of Mi-CK in energy transfer and a structure-function relationship of Mi-CK octamers at these sites. In addition some evidence for an interaction of Mi-CK with the adenylate translocator is presented.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008928 Mitochondria Semiautonomous, self-reproducing organelles that occur in the cytoplasm of all cells of most, but not all, eukaryotes. Each mitochondrion is surrounded by a double limiting membrane. The inner membrane is highly invaginated, and its projections are called cristae. Mitochondria are the sites of the reactions of oxidative phosphorylation, which result in the formation of ATP. They contain distinctive RIBOSOMES, transfer RNAs (RNA, TRANSFER); AMINO ACYL T RNA SYNTHETASES; and elongation and termination factors. Mitochondria depend upon genes within the nucleus of the cells in which they reside for many essential messenger RNAs (RNA, MESSENGER). Mitochondria are believed to have arisen from aerobic bacteria that established a symbiotic relationship with primitive protoeukaryotes. (King & Stansfield, A Dictionary of Genetics, 4th ed) Mitochondrial Contraction,Mitochondrion,Contraction, Mitochondrial,Contractions, Mitochondrial,Mitochondrial Contractions
D008958 Models, Molecular Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures. Molecular Models,Model, Molecular,Molecular Model
D010100 Oxygen An element with atomic symbol O, atomic number 8, and atomic weight [15.99903; 15.99977]. It is the most abundant element on earth and essential for respiration. Dioxygen,Oxygen-16,Oxygen 16
D011487 Protein Conformation The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain). Conformation, Protein,Conformations, Protein,Protein Conformations
D011770 Pyruvate Kinase ATP:pyruvate 2-O-phosphotransferase. A phosphotransferase that catalyzes reversibly the phosphorylation of pyruvate to phosphoenolpyruvate in the presence of ATP. It has four isozymes (L, R, M1, and M2). Deficiency of the enzyme results in hemolytic anemia. EC 2.7.1.40. L-Type Pyruvate Kinase,M-Type Pyruvate Kinase,M1-Type Pyruvate Kinase,M2-Type Pyruvate Kinase,Pyruvate Kinase L,R-Type Pyruvate Kinase,L Type Pyruvate Kinase,M Type Pyruvate Kinase,M1 Type Pyruvate Kinase,M2 Type Pyruvate Kinase,Pyruvate Kinase, L-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, M-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, M1-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, M2-Type,Pyruvate Kinase, R-Type,R Type Pyruvate Kinase
D001921 Brain The part of CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM that is contained within the skull (CRANIUM). Arising from the NEURAL TUBE, the embryonic brain is comprised of three major parts including PROSENCEPHALON (the forebrain); MESENCEPHALON (the midbrain); and RHOMBENCEPHALON (the hindbrain). The developed brain consists of CEREBRUM; CEREBELLUM; and other structures in the BRAIN STEM. Encephalon
D002451 Cell Compartmentation A partitioning within cells due to the selectively permeable membranes which enclose each of the separate parts, e.g., mitochondria, lysosomes, etc. Cell Compartmentations,Compartmentation, Cell,Compartmentations, Cell
D002462 Cell Membrane The lipid- and protein-containing, selectively permeable membrane that surrounds the cytoplasm in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. Plasma Membrane,Cytoplasmic Membrane,Cell Membranes,Cytoplasmic Membranes,Membrane, Cell,Membrane, Cytoplasmic,Membrane, Plasma,Membranes, Cell,Membranes, Cytoplasmic,Membranes, Plasma,Plasma Membranes
D003402 Creatine Kinase A transferase that catalyzes formation of PHOSPHOCREATINE from ATP + CREATINE. The reaction stores ATP energy as phosphocreatine. Three cytoplasmic ISOENZYMES have been identified in human tissues: the MM type from SKELETAL MUSCLE, the MB type from myocardial tissue and the BB type from nervous tissue as well as a mitochondrial isoenzyme. Macro-creatine kinase refers to creatine kinase complexed with other serum proteins. Creatine Phosphokinase,ADP Phosphocreatine Phosphotransferase,ATP Creatine Phosphotransferase,Macro-Creatine Kinase,Creatine Phosphotransferase, ATP,Kinase, Creatine,Macro Creatine Kinase,Phosphocreatine Phosphotransferase, ADP,Phosphokinase, Creatine,Phosphotransferase, ADP Phosphocreatine,Phosphotransferase, ATP Creatine
D004072 Digitonin A glycoside obtained from Digitalis purpurea; the aglycone is digitogenin which is bound to five sugars. Digitonin solubilizes lipids, especially in membranes and is used as a tool in cellular biochemistry, and reagent for precipitating cholesterol. It has no cardiac effects. Digitin

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