Biomaterial Database

Involvement of L-carnitine in cellular metabolism: beyond Acyl-CoA transport. 2009

S P Chapela, and N Kriguer, and E H Fernández, and C A Stella

Departamento de Bioquímica Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentine.

Carnitine is well-known for its role in the transport of fatty acids to the mitochondrial matrix, where beta-oxidation takes place. This work describes novel functions for this compound and novel data on its pharmacokinetics.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D002331	Carnitine	A constituent of STRIATED MUSCLE and LIVER. It is an amino acid derivative and an essential cofactor for fatty acid metabolism.	Bicarnesine,L-Carnitine,Levocarnitine,Vitamin BT,L Carnitine
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000074058	Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5	A high-affinity, ATP-binding, co-transporter for CARNITINE that is highly expressed in kidney, skeletal muscle, heart, and placental tissues. It transports one sodium ion with one carnitine molecule. It has a lower affinity for other organic cations and transports them independently of sodium. Mutations in the SLC22A5 gene are associated with systemic carnitine deficiency.	High-Affinity Carnitine Transporter,OCTN2 Protein,Organic Cation-Carnitine Transporter 2,SLC22A5 Protein,Sodium-Dependent Carnitine Cotransporter,Carnitine Cotransporter, Sodium-Dependent,Carnitine Transporter, High-Affinity,High Affinity Carnitine Transporter,Organic Cation Carnitine Transporter 2,Sodium Dependent Carnitine Cotransporter,Transporter, High-Affinity Carnitine
D000107	Acetylation	Formation of an acetyl derivative. (Stedman, 25th ed)	Acetylations
D000214	Acyl Coenzyme A	S-Acyl coenzyme A. Fatty acid coenzyme A derivatives that are involved in the biosynthesis and oxidation of fatty acids as well as in ceramide formation.	Acyl CoA,Fatty Acyl CoA,Long-Chain Acyl CoA,Acyl CoA, Fatty,Acyl CoA, Long-Chain,CoA, Acyl,CoA, Fatty Acyl,CoA, Long-Chain Acyl,Coenzyme A, Acyl,Long Chain Acyl CoA
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D001692	Biological Transport	The movement of materials (including biochemical substances and drugs) through a biological system at the cellular level. The transport can be across cell membranes and epithelial layers. It also can occur within intracellular compartments and extracellular compartments.	Transport, Biological,Biologic Transport,Transport, Biologic
D017209	Apoptosis	A regulated cell death mechanism characterized by distinctive morphologic changes in the nucleus and cytoplasm, including the endonucleolytic cleavage of genomic DNA, at regularly spaced, internucleosomal sites, i.e., DNA FRAGMENTATION. It is genetically programmed and serves as a balance to mitosis in regulating the size of animal tissues and in mediating pathologic processes associated with tumor growth.	Apoptosis, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Intrinsic Pathway,Caspase-Dependent Apoptosis,Classic Apoptosis,Classical Apoptosis,Programmed Cell Death,Programmed Cell Death, Type I,Apoptoses, Extrinsic Pathway,Apoptoses, Intrinsic Pathway,Apoptosis, Caspase-Dependent,Apoptosis, Classic,Apoptosis, Classical,Caspase Dependent Apoptosis,Cell Death, Programmed,Classic Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Extrinsic Pathway Apoptosis,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptoses,Intrinsic Pathway Apoptosis
D027701	Organic Cation Transport Proteins	A family of proteins involved in the transport of organic cations. They play an important role in the elimination of a variety of endogenous substances, xenobiotics, and their metabolites from the body.	Membrane Transport-Proteins, Organic Cation