Comparative study of the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B and amphotericin B deoxycholate against six species of Zygomycetes in a murine lethal infection model. 2010

Koji Takemoto, and Yutaka Yamamoto, and Katsunori Kanazawa
Pharmacology Research Laboratories, Dainippon Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., 3-1-98 Kasugadenaka, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0022, Japan. koji-takemoto@ds-pharma.co.jp

The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy of liposomal amphotericin B (L-AMB) at a clinical dose (3 mg/kg) against six species (5 genera) of Zygomycetes in a murine lethal infection model, and to compare findings with those for deoxycholate amphotericin B (D-AMB). The correlation between in-vitro activity and in-vivo efficacy of L-AMB was also investigated. Cyclophosphamide-treated mice were inoculated intravenously with conidial suspensions. Four hours or 1 day after inoculation, a single dose of L-AMB or D-AMB was administered intravenously. The number of mice that survived for 14 days was recorded. L-AMB at a dose of at least ≥1 mg/kg significantly prolonged the survival time of infected mice compared with the control group. The ED₅₀ of L-AMB was nearly equivalent to that of D-AMB, except for the treatment initiated on day 1 in the Rhizopus oryzae model. At the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of each agent, survival percentages with L-AMB (10 mg/kg) were equal to or higher than those with D-AMB (1 mg/kg). The ED₅₀ of L-AMB decreased as the MIC against the infecting strain decreased. In conclusion, L-AMB was effective at a clinical dosage, and at the MTD the efficacy of L-AMB was equal or superior to that of D-AMB in a murine model of disseminated zygomycosis. The in-vivo activity of L-AMB was correlated with its in-vitro activity.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D008826 Microbial Sensitivity Tests Any tests that demonstrate the relative efficacy of different chemotherapeutic agents against specific microorganisms (i.e., bacteria, fungi, viruses). Bacterial Sensitivity Tests,Drug Sensitivity Assay, Microbial,Minimum Inhibitory Concentration,Antibacterial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Antibiogram,Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoint Determination,Bacterial Sensitivity Test,Breakpoint Determination, Antibacterial Susceptibility,Breakpoint Determination, Antimicrobial Susceptibility,Fungal Drug Sensitivity Tests,Fungus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Sensitivity Test, Bacterial,Sensitivity Tests, Bacterial,Test, Bacterial Sensitivity,Tests, Bacterial Sensitivity,Viral Drug Sensitivity Tests,Virus Drug Sensitivity Tests,Antibiograms,Concentration, Minimum Inhibitory,Concentrations, Minimum Inhibitory,Inhibitory Concentration, Minimum,Inhibitory Concentrations, Minimum,Microbial Sensitivity Test,Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations,Sensitivity Test, Microbial,Sensitivity Tests, Microbial,Test, Microbial Sensitivity,Tests, Microbial Sensitivity
D009090 Mucorales An order of zygomycetous fungi, usually saprophytic, causing damage to food in storage, but which may cause respiratory infection or MUCORMYCOSIS in persons suffering from other debilitating diseases. Mucoraceae,Thamnidiaceae
D009091 Mucormycosis Infection in humans and animals caused by any fungus in the order MUCORALES (e.g., RHIZOPUS; MUCOR; CUNNINGHAMELLA; APOPHYSOMYCES; ABSIDIA; SAKSENAEA and RHIZOMUCOR) There are many clinical types associated with infection including central nervous system, lung, gastrointestinal tract, skin, orbit and paranasal sinuses. In humans, it usually occurs as an OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTION. Mucorales Infection,Mucorales Infections,Mucormycoses,Infection, Mucorales,Mucormycose
D003840 Deoxycholic Acid A bile acid formed by bacterial action from cholate. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Deoxycholic acid acts as a detergent to solubilize fats for intestinal absorption, is reabsorbed itself, and is used as a choleretic and detergent. Deoxycholate,Desoxycholic Acid,Kybella,Choleic Acid,Deoxycholic Acid, 12beta-Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, 3beta-Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, 5alpha-Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, Disodium Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Magnesium (2:1) Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Monoammonium Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Monopotassium Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Monosodium Salt,Deoxycholic Acid, Sodium Salt, 12beta-Isomer,Dihydroxycholanoic Acid,Lagodeoxycholic Acid,Sodium Deoxycholate,12beta-Isomer Deoxycholic Acid,3beta-Isomer Deoxycholic Acid,5alpha-Isomer Deoxycholic Acid,Deoxycholate, Sodium,Deoxycholic Acid, 12beta Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, 3beta Isomer,Deoxycholic Acid, 5alpha Isomer
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D004338 Drug Combinations Single preparations containing two or more active agents, for the purpose of their concurrent administration as a fixed dose mixture. Drug Combination,Combination, Drug,Combinations, Drug
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000666 Amphotericin B Macrolide antifungal antibiotic produced by Streptomyces nodosus obtained from soil of the Orinoco river region of Venezuela. Amphocil,Amphotericin,Amphotericin B Cholesterol Dispersion,Amphotericin B Colloidal Dispersion,Fungizone
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia

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