Antimicrobial resistance of heterotrophic bacteria in sewage-contaminated rivers. 2011

Tamara Garcia-Armisen, and Ken Vercammen, and Julien Passerat, and David Triest, and Pierre Servais, and Pierre Cornelis
Ecologie des Systèmes Aquatiques, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. tgarciaa@ulb.ac.be

Sewage-contaminated rivers are ecosystems deeply disturbed by human activity due to the release of heavy metals, organic pollutants and pharmaceuticals as well as faecal and pathogenic micro-organisms, which coexist with the autochthonous microbial population. In this study, we compared the percentage of resistance in faecal and heterotrophic bacteria in rivers with different degrees of sewage pollution. As a matter of fact, no correlation was found neither between the degree of sewage pollution and the percentage of antimicrobial resistant heterotrophic bacteria nor between the number of resistant faecal bacteria and that of resistant heterotrophic bacteria. Most of the resistant isolates from the Zenne river downstream Brussels were multi-resistant and the resistance patterns were similar among the strains of each phylogenetic group. The total microbial community in this polluted river (as evaluated through a 16S rRNA gene clone library analysis) appeared to be dominated by the phyla Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes while the phylum TM7 was the third most represented.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009268 Nalidixic Acid A synthetic 1,8-naphthyridine antimicrobial agent with a limited bacteriocidal spectrum. It is an inhibitor of the A subunit of bacterial DNA GYRASE. Nalidixin,Nalidixate Sodium,Nalidixate Sodium Anhydrous,Nevigramon,Sodium Nalidixic Acid, Anhydrous,Sodium Nalidixic Acid, Monohydrate,Acid, Nalidixic,Anhydrous, Nalidixate Sodium,Sodium Anhydrous, Nalidixate,Sodium, Nalidixate
D004926 Escherichia coli A species of gram-negative, facultatively anaerobic, rod-shaped bacteria (GRAM-NEGATIVE FACULTATIVELY ANAEROBIC RODS) commonly found in the lower part of the intestine of warm-blooded animals. It is usually nonpathogenic, but some strains are known to produce DIARRHEA and pyogenic infections. Pathogenic strains (virotypes) are classified by their specific pathogenic mechanisms such as toxins (ENTEROTOXIGENIC ESCHERICHIA COLI), etc. Alkalescens-Dispar Group,Bacillus coli,Bacterium coli,Bacterium coli commune,Diffusely Adherent Escherichia coli,E coli,EAggEC,Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli,Enterococcus coli,Diffusely Adherent E. coli,Enteroaggregative E. coli,Enteroinvasive E. coli,Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli
D000658 Amoxicillin A broad-spectrum semisynthetic antibiotic similar to AMPICILLIN except that its resistance to gastric acid permits higher serum levels with oral administration. Hydroxyampicillin,Actimoxi,Amoxicillin Anhydrous,Amoxicillin Monopotassium Salt,Amoxicillin Monosodium Salt,Amoxicillin Sodium,Amoxicillin Trihydrate,Amoxicillin, (R*)-Isomer,Amoxicilline,Amoxil,Amoxycillin,BRL-2333,Clamoxyl,Clamoxyl G.A.,Clamoxyl Parenteral,Penamox,Polymox,Trimox,Wymox,BRL 2333,BRL2333
D001419 Bacteria One of the three domains of life (the others being Eukarya and ARCHAEA), also called Eubacteria. They are unicellular prokaryotic microorganisms which generally possess rigid cell walls, multiply by cell division, and exhibit three principal forms: round or coccal, rodlike or bacillary, and spiral or spirochetal. Bacteria can be classified by their response to OXYGEN: aerobic, anaerobic, or facultatively anaerobic; by the mode by which they obtain their energy: chemotrophy (via chemical reaction) or PHOTOTROPHY (via light reaction); for chemotrophs by their source of chemical energy: CHEMOLITHOTROPHY (from inorganic compounds) or chemoorganotrophy (from organic compounds); and by their source for CARBON; NITROGEN; etc.; HETEROTROPHY (from organic sources) or AUTOTROPHY (from CARBON DIOXIDE). They can also be classified by whether or not they stain (based on the structure of their CELL WALLS) with CRYSTAL VIOLET dye: gram-negative or gram-positive. Eubacteria
D012336 RNA, Ribosomal, 16S Constituent of 30S subunit prokaryotic ribosomes containing 1600 nucleotides and 21 proteins. 16S rRNA is involved in initiation of polypeptide synthesis. 16S Ribosomal RNA,16S rRNA,RNA, 16S Ribosomal,Ribosomal RNA, 16S,rRNA, 16S
D012722 Sewage Refuse liquid or waste matter carried off by sewers. Sludge,Sludge Flocs
D013753 Tetracycline Resistance Nonsusceptibility of bacteria to the action of TETRACYCLINE which inhibits aminoacyl-tRNA binding to the 30S ribosomal subunit during protein synthesis.
D014876 Water Pollution Contamination of bodies of water (such as LAKES; RIVERS; SEAS; and GROUNDWATER.) Thermal Water Pollution,Water Pollution, Thermal,Pollution, Thermal Water,Pollution, Water,Pollutions, Thermal Water,Pollutions, Water,Thermal Water Pollutions,Water Pollutions,Water Pollutions, Thermal
D041963 Bacteroidetes A phylum of bacteria comprising four classes; Bacteroidia, Cytophagia, Flavobacteriia, and Sphingobacteriia. CFB Group Bacteria,Cytophaga-Flavobacteria-Bacteroides Group Bacteria,Cytophagales
D045483 Rivers Large natural streams of FRESH WATER formed by converging tributaries and which empty into a body of water (lake or ocean). Streams,River,Stream

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