Neuroprotective effect of pyruvate and oxaloacetate during pilocarpine induced status epilepticus in rats. 2011

Andrezza Sossai Rodrigues Carvalho, and Laila Brito Torres, and Daniele Suzete Persike, and Maria José Silva Fernandes, and Debora Amado, and Maria da Graça Naffah-Mazzacoratti, and Esper Abrão Cavalheiro, and Alexandre Valotta da Silva
Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery - UNIFESP São Paulo, Brazil.

Recent research data have shown that systemic administration of pyruvate and oxaloacetate causes an increased brain-to-blood glutamate efflux. Since increased release of glutamate during epileptic seizures can lead to excitotoxicity and neuronal cell death, we tested the hypothesis that glutamate scavenging mediated by pyruvate and oxaloacetate systemic administration could have a neuroprotective effect in rats subjected to status epilepticus (SE). SE was induced by a single dose of pilocarpine (350mg/kgi.p.). Thirty minutes after SE onset, a single dose of pyruvate (250mg/kgi.p.), oxaloacetate (1.4mg/kgi.p.), or both substances was administrated. Acute neuronal loss in hippocampal regions CA1 and hilus was quantitatively determined five hours after SE onset, using the optical fractionator method for stereological cell counting. Apoptotic cascade in the hippocampus was also investigated seven days after SE using caspase-1 and -3 activity assays. SE-induced neuronal loss in CA1 was completely prevented in rats treated with pyruvate plus oxaloacetate. The SE-induced caspase-1 activation was significantly reduced when rats were treated with oxaloacetate or pyruvate plus oxaloacetate. The treatment with pyruvate and oxaloacetate caused a neuroprotective effect in rats subjected to pilocarpine-induced SE.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D009410 Nerve Degeneration Loss of functional activity and trophic degeneration of nerve axons and their terminal arborizations following the destruction of their cells of origin or interruption of their continuity with these cells. The pathology is characteristic of neurodegenerative diseases. Often the process of nerve degeneration is studied in research on neuroanatomical localization and correlation of the neurophysiology of neural pathways. Neuron Degeneration,Degeneration, Nerve,Degeneration, Neuron,Degenerations, Nerve,Degenerations, Neuron,Nerve Degenerations,Neuron Degenerations
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013226 Status Epilepticus A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30) Absence Status,Complex Partial Status Epilepticus,Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus,Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus,Petit Mal Status,Simple Partial Status Epilepticus,Grand Mal Status Epilepticus,Status Epilepticus, Complex Partial,Status Epilepticus, Electrographic,Status Epilepticus, Generalized,Status Epilepticus, Generalized Convulsive,Status Epilepticus, Grand Mal,Status Epilepticus, Non-Convulsive,Status Epilepticus, Simple Partial,Status Epilepticus, Subclinical,Electrographic Status Epilepticus,Generalized Status Epilepticus,Non Convulsive Status Epilepticus,Status Epilepticus, Non Convulsive,Status, Absence,Status, Petit Mal,Subclinical Status Epilepticus
D017208 Rats, Wistar A strain of albino rat developed at the Wistar Institute that has spread widely at other institutions. This has markedly diluted the original strain. Wistar Rat,Rat, Wistar,Wistar Rats
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D018696 Neuroprotective Agents Drugs intended to prevent damage to the brain or spinal cord from ischemia, stroke, convulsions, or trauma. Some must be administered before the event, but others may be effective for some time after. They act by a variety of mechanisms, but often directly or indirectly minimize the damage produced by endogenous excitatory amino acids. Neuroprotectant,Neuroprotective Agent,Neuroprotective Drug,Neuroprotectants,Neuroprotective Drugs,Neuroprotective Effect,Neuroprotective Effects,Agent, Neuroprotective,Agents, Neuroprotective,Drug, Neuroprotective,Drugs, Neuroprotective,Effect, Neuroprotective,Effects, Neuroprotective
D019289 Pyruvic Acid An intermediate compound in the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. In thiamine deficiency, its oxidation is retarded and it accumulates in the tissues, especially in nervous structures. (From Stedman, 26th ed) Pyruvate,Acid, Pyruvic
D062907 Oxaloacetic Acid A dicarboxylic acid ketone that is an important metabolic intermediate of the CITRIC ACID CYCLE. It can be converted to ASPARTIC ACID by ASPARTATE TRANSAMINASE. 2-Ketosuccinic Acid,2-oxo-Butanedioic Acid,Ketosuccinic Acid,Oxalacetic Acid,Oxaloacetate,2 Ketosuccinic Acid,2 oxo Butanedioic Acid,Acid, Oxalacetic,Acid, Oxaloacetic

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