Aberrant Connectivity During Pilocarpine-Induced Status Epilepticus. 2020

Yan Cui, and Jie Liu, and Yan Luo, and Shan He, and Yang Xia, and Yangsong Zhang, and Dezhong Yao, and Daqing Guo
The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Lab for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.

Status epilepticus (SE) is a common, life-threatening neurological disorder that may lead to permanent brain damage. In rodent models, SE is an acute phase of seizures that could be reproduced by injecting with pilocarpine and then induce chronic temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) seizures. However, how SE disrupts brain activity, especially communications among brain regions, is still unclear. In this study, we aimed to identify the characteristic abnormalities of network connections among the frontal cortex, hippocampus and thalamus during the SE episodes in a pilocarpine model with functional and effective connectivity measurements. We showed that the coherence connectivity among these regions increased significantly during the SE episodes in almost all frequency bands (except the alpha band) and that the frequency band with enhanced connections was specific to different stages of SE episodes. Moreover, with the effective analysis, we revealed a closed neural circuit of bidirectional effective interactions between the frontal regions and the hippocampus and thalamus in both ictal and post-ictal stages, implying aberrant enhancement of communication across these brain regions during the SE episodes. Furthermore, an effective connection from the hippocampus to the thalamus was detected in the delta band during the pre-ictal stage, which shifted in an inverse direction during the ictal stage in the theta band and in the theta, alpha, beta and low-gamma bands during the post-ictal stage. This specificity of the effective connection between the hippocampus and thalamus illustrated that the hippocampal structure is critical for the initiation of SE discharges, while the thalamus is important for the propagation of SE discharges. Overall, our results demonstrated enhanced interaction among the frontal cortex, hippocampus and thalamus during the SE episodes and suggested the modes of information flow across these structures for the initiation and propagation of SE discharges. These findings may reveal an underlying mechanism of aberrant network communication during pilocarpine-induced SE discharges and deepen our knowledge of TLE seizures.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009415 Nerve Net A meshlike structure composed of interconnecting nerve cells that are separated at the synaptic junction or joined to one another by cytoplasmic processes. In invertebrates, for example, the nerve net allows nerve impulses to spread over a wide area of the net because synapses can pass information in any direction. Neural Networks (Anatomic),Nerve Nets,Net, Nerve,Nets, Nerve,Network, Neural (Anatomic),Networks, Neural (Anatomic),Neural Network (Anatomic)
D010862 Pilocarpine A slowly hydrolyzed muscarinic agonist with no nicotinic effects. Pilocarpine is used as a miotic and in the treatment of glaucoma. Isopilocarpine,Isoptocarpine,Ocusert,Pilocarpine Hydrochloride,Pilocarpine Mononitrate, (3S-cis)-Isomer,Pilocarpine Nitrate,Pilocarpine, Monohydrochloride, (3S-cis)-Isomer,Salagen,Hydrochloride, Pilocarpine,Nitrate, Pilocarpine
D004195 Disease Models, Animal Naturally-occurring or experimentally-induced animal diseases with pathological processes analogous to human diseases. Animal Disease Model,Animal Disease Models,Disease Model, Animal
D004833 Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe A localization-related (focal) form of epilepsy characterized by recurrent seizures that arise from foci within the TEMPORAL LOBE, most commonly from its mesial aspect. A wide variety of psychic phenomena may be associated, including illusions, hallucinations, dyscognitive states, and affective experiences. The majority of complex partial seizures (see EPILEPSY, COMPLEX PARTIAL) originate from the temporal lobes. Temporal lobe seizures may be classified by etiology as cryptogenic, familial, or symptomatic. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p321). Epilepsy, Benign Psychomotor, Childhood,Benign Psychomotor Epilepsy, Childhood,Childhood Benign Psychomotor Epilepsy,Epilepsy, Lateral Temporal,Epilepsy, Uncinate,Epilepsies, Lateral Temporal,Epilepsies, Temporal Lobe,Epilepsies, Uncinate,Lateral Temporal Epilepsies,Lateral Temporal Epilepsy,Temporal Lobe Epilepsies,Temporal Lobe Epilepsy,Uncinate Epilepsies,Uncinate Epilepsy
D005625 Frontal Lobe The part of the cerebral hemisphere anterior to the central sulcus, and anterior and superior to the lateral sulcus. Brodmann Area 8,Brodmann's Area 8,Frontal Cortex,Frontal Eye Fields,Lobus Frontalis,Supplementary Eye Field,Area 8, Brodmann,Area 8, Brodmann's,Brodmanns Area 8,Cortex, Frontal,Eye Field, Frontal,Eye Field, Supplementary,Eye Fields, Frontal,Frontal Cortices,Frontal Eye Field,Frontal Lobes,Lobe, Frontal,Supplementary Eye Fields
D006624 Hippocampus A curved elevation of GRAY MATTER extending the entire length of the floor of the TEMPORAL HORN of the LATERAL VENTRICLE (see also TEMPORAL LOBE). The hippocampus proper, subiculum, and DENTATE GYRUS constitute the hippocampal formation. Sometimes authors include the ENTORHINAL CORTEX in the hippocampal formation. Ammon Horn,Cornu Ammonis,Hippocampal Formation,Subiculum,Ammon's Horn,Hippocampus Proper,Ammons Horn,Formation, Hippocampal,Formations, Hippocampal,Hippocampal Formations,Hippocampus Propers,Horn, Ammon,Horn, Ammon's,Proper, Hippocampus,Propers, Hippocampus,Subiculums
D000069280 Electrocorticography Recording of brain electrical activities in which the electrodes are placed directly on the CEREBRAL CORTEX. Electrocorticography (EcoG),Extraoperative ECoG,Extraoperative Electrocorticography,Intracranial EEG,Intracranial Electroencephalography,Intraoperative ECoG,Intraoperative Electrocorticography,ECoG, Extraoperative,ECoG, Intraoperative,ECoGs, Extraoperative,ECoGs, Intraoperative,EEG, Intracranial,EEGs, Intracranial,Electrocorticographies,Electrocorticographies (EcoG),Electrocorticographies, Extraoperative,Electrocorticographies, Intraoperative,Electrocorticography, Extraoperative,Electrocorticography, Intraoperative,Electroencephalographies, Intracranial,Electroencephalography, Intracranial,Extraoperative ECoGs,Extraoperative Electrocorticographies,Intracranial EEGs,Intracranial Electroencephalographies,Intraoperative ECoGs,Intraoperative Electrocorticographies
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013226 Status Epilepticus A prolonged seizure or seizures repeated frequently enough to prevent recovery between episodes occurring over a period of 20-30 minutes. The most common subtype is generalized tonic-clonic status epilepticus, a potentially fatal condition associated with neuronal injury and respiratory and metabolic dysfunction. Nonconvulsive forms include petit mal status and complex partial status, which may manifest as behavioral disturbances. Simple partial status epilepticus consists of persistent motor, sensory, or autonomic seizures that do not impair cognition (see also EPILEPSIA PARTIALIS CONTINUA). Subclinical status epilepticus generally refers to seizures occurring in an unresponsive or comatose individual in the absence of overt signs of seizure activity. (From N Engl J Med 1998 Apr 2;338(14):970-6; Neurologia 1997 Dec;12 Suppl 6:25-30) Absence Status,Complex Partial Status Epilepticus,Generalized Convulsive Status Epilepticus,Non-Convulsive Status Epilepticus,Petit Mal Status,Simple Partial Status Epilepticus,Grand Mal Status Epilepticus,Status Epilepticus, Complex Partial,Status Epilepticus, Electrographic,Status Epilepticus, Generalized,Status Epilepticus, Generalized Convulsive,Status Epilepticus, Grand Mal,Status Epilepticus, Non-Convulsive,Status Epilepticus, Simple Partial,Status Epilepticus, Subclinical,Electrographic Status Epilepticus,Generalized Status Epilepticus,Non Convulsive Status Epilepticus,Status Epilepticus, Non Convulsive,Status, Absence,Status, Petit Mal,Subclinical Status Epilepticus
D013788 Thalamus Paired bodies containing mostly GRAY MATTER and forming part of the lateral wall of the THIRD VENTRICLE of the brain. Thalamencephalon,Thalamencephalons

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