Biomaterial Database

Synthetic estrogens suppress granulosa cell progesterone production in vitro. 1990

A F Haney, and S F Hughes, and C L Hughes

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710.

We evaluated the effect of commonly used pharmaceutical estrogens and zeranol, an estrogenic growth-promoting agent used in livestock, on progesterone (P) production by cultures of highly differentiated porcine granulosa cells (GC). The compounds were added to GC cultures over a dose range of 10(-8) to 10(-5) M with P and cell protein measured after 24 h. P production was suppressed by estradiol (minimal suppressive dose: 10(-7) M; maximal suppression to 11% of control), ethinyl estradiol (10(-7) M, 15%), diethylstilbestrol (10(-5) M, 72%), clomiphene citrate (10(-6) M, 30%), nafoxidine (10(-7) M, 33%), tamoxifen (10(-6) M, 37%), and zeranol (10(-5) M, 83%). P production was not suppressed by mestranol. GC protein was suppressed by estradiol, ethinyl estradiol, nafoxidine, and zeranol. These data suggest that synthetic estrogens have the potential to suppress luteal P production by a mechanism unrelated to the usual measures of estrogenicity.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D010455	Peptides	Members of the class of compounds composed of AMINO ACIDS joined together by peptide bonds between adjacent amino acids into linear, branched or cyclical structures. OLIGOPEPTIDES are composed of approximately 2-12 amino acids. Polypeptides are composed of approximately 13 or more amino acids. PROTEINS are considered to be larger versions of peptides that can form into complex structures such as ENZYMES and RECEPTORS.	Peptide,Polypeptide,Polypeptides
D011374	Progesterone	The major progestational steroid that is secreted primarily by the CORPUS LUTEUM and the PLACENTA. Progesterone acts on the UTERUS, the MAMMARY GLANDS and the BRAIN. It is required in EMBRYO IMPLANTATION; PREGNANCY maintenance, and the development of mammary tissue for MILK production. Progesterone, converted from PREGNENOLONE, also serves as an intermediate in the biosynthesis of GONADAL STEROID HORMONES and adrenal CORTICOSTEROIDS.	Pregnenedione,Progesterone, (13 alpha,17 alpha)-(+-)-Isomer,Progesterone, (17 alpha)-Isomer,Progesterone, (9 beta,10 alpha)-Isomer
D005260	Female		Females
D006107	Granulosa Cells	Supporting cells for the developing female gamete in the OVARY. They are derived from the coelomic epithelial cells of the gonadal ridge. Granulosa cells form a single layer around the OOCYTE in the primordial ovarian follicle and advance to form a multilayered cumulus oophorus surrounding the OVUM in the Graafian follicle. The major functions of granulosa cells include the production of steroids and LH receptors (RECEPTORS, LH).	Cell, Granulosa,Cells, Granulosa,Granulosa Cell
D000818	Animals	Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA.	Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D013552	Swine	Any of various animals that constitute the family Suidae and comprise stout-bodied, short-legged omnivorous mammals with thick skin, usually covered with coarse bristles, a rather long mobile snout, and small tail. Included are the genera Babyrousa, Phacochoerus (wart hogs), and Sus, the latter containing the domestic pig (see SUS SCROFA).	Phacochoerus,Pigs,Suidae,Warthogs,Wart Hogs,Hog, Wart,Hogs, Wart,Wart Hog
D015925	Cryopreservation	Preservation of cells, tissues, organs, or embryos by freezing. In histological preparations, cryopreservation or cryofixation is used to maintain the existing form, structure, and chemical composition of all the constituent elements of the specimens.	Cryofixation,Cryonic Suspension,Cryonic Suspensions,Suspension, Cryonic
D045166	Estradiol Congeners	Steroidal compounds related to ESTRADIOL, the major mammalian female sex hormone. Estradiol congeners include important estradiol precursors in the biosynthetic pathways, metabolites, derivatives, and synthetic steroids with estrogenic activities.	Estradiol Congener,Estrogen Analog,Estrogen Analogue,Synthetic Estrogen,Estrogen Analogs,Estrogen Analogues,Estrogens, Synthetic,Synthetic Estrogens,Analog, Estrogen,Analogs, Estrogen,Analogue, Estrogen,Analogues, Estrogen,Congener, Estradiol,Estrogen, Synthetic