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This paper reports the effect of vitamin A and its derivatives, the retinoids, on plasminogen activator (PA) synthesis in chick embryo fibroblast cultures (CEF). Low concentrations of retinoic acid (RA) (10(-6)-10(-10) M) and the retinoids stimulated PA synthesis in CEF; the maximal stimulation achieved, 9--10 fold, was somewhat lower than that obtained with optimal concentrations of the potent tumor promoter phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). This action of RA required protein and mRNA synthesis but, in contrast to enzyme induction by PMA and/or sarcoma virus transformation, retinoid effects were not significantly inhibited by elevated concentrations of cAMP. In inducing and/or stimulating PA production, the effects of RA and sarcoma virus transformation were synergistic rather than additive. Analogous synergism was observed between RA and PMA, but only at suboptimal concentrations of the latter. RA did not affect PA production in normal or transformed cultures maximally stimulated by PMA. These findings may help to elucidate the role of retinoids in promoting tumor growth, tissue remodeling and teratogenesis.
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
May 1979,
Cell,
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
December 1978,
Cell,
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
October 1993,
Endocrinology,
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
May 1994,
Carcinogenesis,
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
July 1990,
Blut,
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
January 1980,
Cold Spring Harbor symposia on quantitative biology,
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
December 1976,
Nature,
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
September 1986,
Biochemical and biophysical research communications,
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
September 1991,
The Journal of biological chemistry,
E L Wilson, and
E Reich
November 1990,
Journal of neurochemistry,
