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[Activity of azithromycin and roxithromycin alone or in combination against Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium xenopi]. 1990

M J Gevaudan, and C Bollet, and M N Mallet, and G Gulian, and H Tissot-Dupont, and P de Micco
Laboratoire de Microbiologie Hygiène et Epidémiologie Hospitalière, Marseille.

The effect of two new macrolides, azithromycin and roxithromycin used either alone or in combination with amikacin rifabutine and 1.25 (HO)2 vitamin D3 was examined in vitro. Macrophage monolayers infected with M. avium complex or M. xenopi were treated with antibiotics or 1.25 (OH)2 vitamin D3 by using different protocols: antibiotics or 1.25 (OH)2 vitamin D3 was added to the macrophage monolayers immediately after infection and released by washing out after 24 h; antibiotics or 1.25 (OH)2 vitamin D3 was replenished daily for 4 days; or infected macrophage monolayers were treated with antibiotics plus vitamin D3 for 4 consecutive days. Treatment for 24 h resulted in an inhibition of growth. After treating the macrophage monolayers with the four antibiotics alone or in combination for 4 consecutive days intracellular killing of mycobacteria was observed and the combinations were significantly more lethal than antibiotics alone. The mycobactericidal effect was enhanced when vitamin D3 was added to the culture.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D009161 Mycobacterium A genus of gram-positive, aerobic bacteria. Most species are free-living in soil and water, but the major habitat for some is the diseased tissue of warm-blooded hosts. Mycobacteria
D009162 Mycobacterium avium A bacterium causing tuberculosis in domestic fowl and other birds. In pigs, it may cause localized and sometimes disseminated disease. The organism occurs occasionally in sheep and cattle. It should be distinguished from the M. avium complex, which infects primarily humans.
D002762 Cholecalciferol Derivative of 7-dehydroxycholesterol formed by ULTRAVIOLET RAYS breaking of the C9-C10 bond. It differs from ERGOCALCIFEROL in having a single bond between C22 and C23 and lacking a methyl group at C24. Vitamin D 3,(3 beta,5Z,7E)-9,10-Secocholesta-5,7,10(19)-trien-3-ol,Calciol,Cholecalciferols,Vitamin D3
D004305 Dose-Response Relationship, Drug The relationship between the dose of an administered drug and the response of the organism to the drug. Dose Response Relationship, Drug,Dose-Response Relationships, Drug,Drug Dose-Response Relationship,Drug Dose-Response Relationships,Relationship, Drug Dose-Response,Relationships, Drug Dose-Response
D004359 Drug Therapy, Combination Therapy with two or more separate preparations given for a combined effect. Combination Chemotherapy,Polychemotherapy,Chemotherapy, Combination,Combination Drug Therapy,Drug Polytherapy,Therapy, Combination Drug,Chemotherapies, Combination,Combination Chemotherapies,Combination Drug Therapies,Drug Polytherapies,Drug Therapies, Combination,Polychemotherapies,Polytherapies, Drug,Polytherapy, Drug,Therapies, Combination Drug
D004917 Erythromycin A bacteriostatic antibiotic macrolide produced by Streptomyces erythreus. Erythromycin A is considered its major active component. In sensitive organisms, it inhibits protein synthesis by binding to 50S ribosomal subunits. This binding process inhibits peptidyl transferase activity and interferes with translocation of amino acids during translation and assembly of proteins. Erycette,Erymax,Erythromycin A,Erythromycin C,Erythromycin Lactate,Erythromycin Phosphate,Ilotycin,T-Stat,Lactate, Erythromycin,Phosphate, Erythromycin,T Stat,TStat
D015575 Roxithromycin Semisynthetic derivative of erythromycin. It is concentrated by human phagocytes and is bioactive intracellularly. While the drug is active against a wide spectrum of pathogens, it is particularly effective in the treatment of respiratory and genital tract infections. Biaxsig,Claramid,Infectoroxit,MTW-Roxithromycin,Macrosil,RU 28965,RU 965,RU-28965,RU-965,Rotesan,Rotramin,Roxi 1A Pharma,Roxi Basics,Roxi TAD,Roxi-Puren,Roxi-Q,Roxi-Wolff,Roxi-paed 1A Pharma,Roxi-saar,Roxibeta,Roxigamma,Roxigrün,Roxihexal,Roxithro-Lich,Rulid,Rulide,roxi von ct,roxidura,RU28965,RU965
D017963 Azithromycin A semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic structurally related to ERYTHROMYCIN. It has been used in the treatment of Mycobacterium avium intracellulare infections, toxoplasmosis, and cryptosporidiosis. Azadose,Azithromycin Dihydrate,Azithromycin Monohydrate,Azitrocin,Azythromycin,CP-62993,Goxal,Sumamed,Toraseptol,Ultreon,Vinzam,Zentavion,Zithromax,Zitromax,CP 62993,CP62993,Dihydrate, Azithromycin,Monohydrate, Azithromycin
D066298 In Vitro Techniques Methods to study reactions or processes taking place in an artificial environment outside the living organism. In Vitro Test,In Vitro Testing,In Vitro Tests,In Vitro as Topic,In Vitro,In Vitro Technique,In Vitro Testings,Technique, In Vitro,Techniques, In Vitro,Test, In Vitro,Testing, In Vitro,Testings, In Vitro,Tests, In Vitro,Vitro Testing, In

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