Molecular insights into primary hyperoxaluria type 1 pathogenesis. 2012

Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
Department of Life Sciences and Reproduction, Section of Biological Chemistry, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8 37134 Verona, Italy. barbara.cellini@univr.it

Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder of glyoxylate metabolism caused by the deficiency of liver peroxisomal alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzyme. The PH1 pathogenesis is mostly due to single point mutations (more than 150 so far identified) on the AGXT gene, and is characterized by a marked heterogeneity in terms of genotype, enzymatic and clinical phenotypes. This article presents an up to date review of selected aspects of the biochemical properties of the two allelic forms of AGT and of some PH1-causing variants. These recent discoveries highlight the effects at the protein level of the pathogenic mutations, and, together with previous cell biology and clinical data, (i) improve the understanding of the molecular basis of PH1 pathogenesis, and (ii) help to delineate perspectives for predicting the response to pyridoxine treatment or for suggesting new strategies for PH1 patients bearing the analyzed mutations.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D006960 Hyperoxaluria, Primary A genetic disorder characterized by excretion of large amounts of OXALATES in urine; NEPHROLITHIASIS; NEPHROCALCINOSIS; early onset of RENAL FAILURE; and often a generalized deposit of CALCIUM OXALATE. There are subtypes classified by the enzyme defects in glyoxylate metabolism. Oxaluria, Primary,Primary Hyperoxaluria,Primary Oxalosis,Primary Oxaluria,Hyperoxalurias, Primary,Oxaloses, Primary,Oxalosis, Primary,Oxalurias, Primary,Primary Hyperoxalurias,Primary Oxaloses,Primary Oxalurias
D007120 Immunochemistry Field of chemistry that pertains to immunological phenomena and the study of chemical reactions related to antigen stimulation of tissues. It includes physicochemical interactions between antigens and antibodies.
D008958 Models, Molecular Models used experimentally or theoretically to study molecular shape, electronic properties, or interactions; includes analogous molecules, computer-generated graphics, and mechanical structures. Molecular Models,Model, Molecular,Molecular Model
D011487 Protein Conformation The characteristic 3-dimensional shape of a protein, including the secondary, supersecondary (motifs), tertiary (domains) and quaternary structure of the peptide chain. PROTEIN STRUCTURE, QUATERNARY describes the conformation assumed by multimeric proteins (aggregates of more than one polypeptide chain). Conformation, Protein,Conformations, Protein,Protein Conformations
D005808 Genes, Recessive Genes that influence the PHENOTYPE only in the homozygous state. Conditions, Recessive Genetic,Genetic Conditions, Recessive,Recessive Genetic Conditions,Condition, Recessive Genetic,Gene, Recessive,Genetic Condition, Recessive,Recessive Gene,Recessive Genes,Recessive Genetic Condition
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D000637 Transaminases A subclass of enzymes of the transferase class that catalyze the transfer of an amino group from a donor (generally an amino acid) to an acceptor (generally a 2-keto acid). Most of these enzymes are pyridoxyl phosphate proteins. (Dorland, 28th ed) EC 2.6.1. Aminotransferase,Aminotransferases,Transaminase
D017354 Point Mutation A mutation caused by the substitution of one nucleotide for another. This results in the DNA molecule having a change in a single base pair. Mutation, Point,Mutations, Point,Point Mutations
D017510 Protein Folding Processes involved in the formation of TERTIARY PROTEIN STRUCTURE. Protein Folding, Globular,Folding, Globular Protein,Folding, Protein,Foldings, Globular Protein,Foldings, Protein,Globular Protein Folding,Globular Protein Foldings,Protein Foldings,Protein Foldings, Globular
D018360 Crystallography, X-Ray The study of crystal structure using X-RAY DIFFRACTION techniques. (McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 4th ed) X-Ray Crystallography,Crystallography, X Ray,Crystallography, Xray,X Ray Crystallography,Xray Crystallography,Crystallographies, X Ray,X Ray Crystallographies

Related Publications

Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
August 1992, Current opinion in immunology,
Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
January 1994, Nephrologie,
Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
January 2004, Nephron. Experimental nephrology,
Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
June 1999, Kidney international,
Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
March 2007, Archives of disease in childhood,
Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
February 2024, FEBS letters,
Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
February 2022, Kidney international reports,
Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
September 1994, The Clinical investigator,
Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
April 1991, American journal of kidney diseases : the official journal of the National Kidney Foundation,
Barbara Cellini, and Elisa Oppici, and Alessandro Paiardini, and Riccardo Montioli
July 1991, Revue medicale de la Suisse romande,
Copied contents to your clipboard!