Biomaterial Database

Energy expenditure of ambulation using the Sure-Gait crutch and the standard axillary crutch. 1990

A L Annesley, and M Almada-Norfleet, and D A Arnall, and M W Cornwall

St Joseph's Medical Center, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Phoenix, AZ 85013.

Energy expenditure is increased for ambulation with various assistive devices such as canes, walkers, and crutches compared with unassisted ambulation. The purpose of the present investigation was to determine whether a significant difference in oxygen consumption and heart rate existed during ambulation with two different types of crutches. Ten healthy male subjects between the ages of 40 and 60 years participated in this study. Each subject ambulated at 1.5 mph on a treadmill using two different types of crutches--the standard axillary crutch and the Sure-Gait crutch. After walking on the treadmill without an assistive device, subjects ambulated using a three-point, swing-to gait pattern with one of the two types of crutches. This procedure was repeated using the other type of crutch. Oxygen consumption and heart rate were analyzed using an analysis of variance for repeated measures design. The results of the study showed a significant difference (p less than .01) between ambulation with crutches and unassisted ambulation for oxygen consumption and heart rate. No difference, however, was found between the two crutch types.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D008297	Male		Males
D008875	Middle Aged	An adult aged 45 - 64 years.	Middle Age
D008991	Monitoring, Physiologic	The continuous measurement of physiological processes, blood pressure, heart rate, renal output, reflexes, respiration, etc., in a patient or experimental animal; includes pharmacologic monitoring, the measurement of administered drugs or their metabolites in the blood, tissues, or urine.	Patient Monitoring,Monitoring, Physiological,Physiologic Monitoring,Monitoring, Patient,Physiological Monitoring
D010101	Oxygen Consumption	The rate at which oxygen is used by a tissue; microliters of oxygen STPD used per milligram of tissue per hour; the rate at which oxygen enters the blood from alveolar gas, equal in the steady state to the consumption of oxygen by tissue metabolism throughout the body. (Stedman, 25th ed, p346)	Consumption, Oxygen,Consumptions, Oxygen,Oxygen Consumptions
D012016	Reference Values	The range or frequency distribution of a measurement in a population (of organisms, organs or things) that has not been selected for the presence of disease or abnormality.	Normal Range,Normal Values,Reference Ranges,Normal Ranges,Normal Value,Range, Normal,Range, Reference,Ranges, Normal,Ranges, Reference,Reference Range,Reference Value,Value, Normal,Value, Reference,Values, Normal,Values, Reference
D003446	Crutches	Wooden or metal staffs designed to aid a person in walking. (UMDNS,1999)
D004734	Energy Metabolism	The chemical reactions involved in the production and utilization of various forms of energy in cells.	Bioenergetics,Energy Expenditure,Bioenergetic,Energy Expenditures,Energy Metabolisms,Expenditure, Energy,Expenditures, Energy,Metabolism, Energy,Metabolisms, Energy
D004867	Equipment Design	Methods and patterns of fabricating machines and related hardware.	Design, Equipment,Device Design,Medical Device Design,Design, Medical Device,Designs, Medical Device,Device Design, Medical,Device Designs, Medical,Medical Device Designs,Design, Device,Designs, Device,Designs, Equipment,Device Designs,Equipment Designs
D005684	Gait	Manner or style of walking.	Gaits
D006339	Heart Rate	The number of times the HEART VENTRICLES contract per unit of time, usually per minute.	Cardiac Rate,Chronotropism, Cardiac,Heart Rate Control,Heartbeat,Pulse Rate,Cardiac Chronotropy,Cardiac Chronotropism,Cardiac Rates,Chronotropy, Cardiac,Control, Heart Rate,Heart Rates,Heartbeats,Pulse Rates,Rate Control, Heart,Rate, Cardiac,Rate, Heart,Rate, Pulse