Biomaterial Database

Polioviruses and other enteroviruses in urban sewage from Laval (Canada): presence of non-vaccinal strains of poliovirus. 1979

P Payment, and Y Larose, and M Trudel

During a 13-month period (August 1, 1977-August 31, 1978) 55 samples of 2-4 L of raw sewage from an urban residential area were collected and studied for the presence of human enteroviruses. Viruses were recovered from 47 (90.5%) of the samples. Of the 201 viral isolates propagated, 180 (89.5%) were identified by the serum neutralization test as poliovirus types 1,2, or 3; 16 (8%) were identified as coxsackie B viruses; and 5 (2.5%) could not be identified by the methods used. While all polioviruses, types 2 and 3 isolates, were vaccine-like (rct-/d-) or intermediate strains, 14 poliovires, type 1 out of 55 selected isolates, were found to be non-vaccine-like (rct+/d+), 8 were rct-/d-), and 33 were intermediate strains. Out of nine samples submitted to the serodifferentiation (McBride) test, six poliovires, type 1 rct+/d+ and three rct+/d-, were related to wild strains.

UI	MeSH Term	Description	Entries
D011055	Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral	A live vaccine containing attenuated poliovirus, types I, II, and III, grown in monkey kidney cell tissue culture, used for routine immunization of children against polio. This vaccine induces long-lasting intestinal and humoral immunity. Killed vaccine induces only humoral immunity. Oral poliovirus vaccine should not be administered to immunocompromised individuals or their household contacts. (Dorland, 28th ed)	Sabin Vaccine,Oral Poliovirus Vaccine,Vaccine, Oral Poliovirus,Vaccine, Sabin
D011792	Quebec	A province of eastern Canada. Its capital is Quebec. The region belonged to France from 1627 to 1763 when it was lost to the British. The name is from the Algonquian quilibek meaning the place where waters narrow, referring to the gradually narrowing channel of the St. Lawrence or to the narrows of the river at Cape Diamond. (From Webster's New Geographical Dictionary, 1988, p993 & Room, Brewer's Dictionary of Names, 1992, p440)
D004770	Enterovirus	A genus of the family PICORNAVIRIDAE whose members preferentially inhabit the intestinal tract of a variety of hosts. The genus contains many species. Newly described members of human enteroviruses are assigned continuous numbers with the species designated "human enterovirus".	Coxsackie Viruses,Coxsackieviruses
D006801	Humans	Members of the species Homo sapiens.	Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man
D012621	Seasons	Divisions of the year according to some regularly recurrent phenomena usually astronomical or climatic. (From McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Scientific and Technical Terms, 6th ed)	Seasonal Variation,Season,Seasonal Variations,Variation, Seasonal,Variations, Seasonal
D012722	Sewage	Refuse liquid or waste matter carried off by sewers.	Sludge,Sludge Flocs
D014504	Urban Health	The status of health in urban populations.	Health, Urban
D014871	Water Microbiology	The presence of bacteria, viruses, and fungi in water. This term is not restricted to pathogenic organisms.	Microbiology, Water
D017955	Poliovirus	A species of ENTEROVIRUS which is the causal agent of POLIOMYELITIS in humans. Three serotypes (strains) exist. Transmission is by the fecal-oral route, pharyngeal secretions, or mechanical vector (flies). Vaccines with both inactivated and live attenuated virus have proven effective in immunizing against the infection.	Brunhilde Virus,Human poliovirus 1,Human poliovirus 2,Human poliovirus 3,Lansing Virus,Leon Virus,Poliovirus Type 1,Poliovirus Type 2,Poliovirus Type 3,Polioviruses