Isolation of giant DNA fragments from flow-sorted human chromosomes. 1990

S Minoshima, and K Kawasaki, and R Fukuyama, and M Maekawa, and J Kudoh, and N Shimizu
Department of Molecular Biology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

We have established a method using a conventional cell sorter equipped with a single argon laser to sort intact human chromosomes that can be used as a source for the production of giant DNA fragments. Various improvements were made to both the equipment and sorting method to enhance the sorting resolution and avoid destruction of chromosomal DNA. Using this improved method chromosomes 21 and 22 were sorted from the B-lymphoblastoid line GM00130B, digested with the rare cutting restriction endonuclease NotI, and analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis followed by Southern hybridization using the Alu repetitive sequence as a probe. More than 25 discrete NotI giant DNA fragments ranging from 50 kb to longer than 2.5 Mb were separated and the size distribution pattern was unique for each chromosome, indicating successful sorting of intact chromosomes. The cumulative size of these Alu-positive NotI DNA fragments were 22.7 Mb and 25.5 Mb for chromosomes 21 and 22, respectively. These values are 47% and 49% of the estimated size of chromosomes 21 (48 Mb) and 22 (52 Mb).

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D008297 Male Males
D002461 Cell Line, Transformed Eukaryotic cell line obtained in a quiescent or stationary phase which undergoes conversion to a state of unregulated growth in culture, resembling an in vitro tumor. It occurs spontaneously or through interaction with viruses, oncogenes, radiation, or drugs/chemicals. Transformed Cell Line,Cell Lines, Transformed,Transformed Cell Lines
D002875 Chromosomes In a prokaryotic cell or in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell, a structure consisting of or containing DNA which carries the genetic information essential to the cell. (From Singleton & Sainsbury, Dictionary of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, 2d ed) Chromosome
D002891 Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21 A specific pair of GROUP G CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification. Chromosome 21
D002892 Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 A specific pair of GROUP G CHROMOSOMES of the human chromosome classification. Chromosome 22
D003582 Cytogenetics A subdiscipline of genetics which deals with the cytological and molecular analysis of the CHROMOSOMES, and location of the GENES on chromosomes, and the movements of chromosomes during the CELL CYCLE. Cytogenetic
D004247 DNA A deoxyribonucleotide polymer that is the primary genetic material of all cells. Eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms normally contain DNA in a double-stranded state, yet several important biological processes transiently involve single-stranded regions. DNA, which consists of a polysugar-phosphate backbone possessing projections of purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (thymine and cytosine), forms a double helix that is held together by hydrogen bonds between these purines and pyrimidines (adenine to thymine and guanine to cytosine). DNA, Double-Stranded,Deoxyribonucleic Acid,ds-DNA,DNA, Double Stranded,Double-Stranded DNA,ds DNA
D004587 Electrophoresis, Agar Gel Electrophoresis in which agar or agarose gel is used as the diffusion medium. Electrophoresis, Agarose Gel,Agar Gel Electrophoresis,Agarose Gel Electrophoresis,Gel Electrophoresis, Agar,Gel Electrophoresis, Agarose
D005434 Flow Cytometry Technique using an instrument system for making, processing, and displaying one or more measurements on individual cells obtained from a cell suspension. Cells are usually stained with one or more fluorescent dyes specific to cell components of interest, e.g., DNA, and fluorescence of each cell is measured as it rapidly transverses the excitation beam (laser or mercury arc lamp). Fluorescence provides a quantitative measure of various biochemical and biophysical properties of the cell, as well as a basis for cell sorting. Other measurable optical parameters include light absorption and light scattering, the latter being applicable to the measurement of cell size, shape, density, granularity, and stain uptake. Cytofluorometry, Flow,Cytometry, Flow,Flow Microfluorimetry,Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting,Microfluorometry, Flow,Cell Sorting, Fluorescence-Activated,Cell Sortings, Fluorescence-Activated,Cytofluorometries, Flow,Cytometries, Flow,Flow Cytofluorometries,Flow Cytofluorometry,Flow Cytometries,Flow Microfluorometries,Flow Microfluorometry,Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting,Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sortings,Microfluorimetry, Flow,Microfluorometries, Flow,Sorting, Fluorescence-Activated Cell,Sortings, Fluorescence-Activated Cell
D006801 Humans Members of the species Homo sapiens. Homo sapiens,Man (Taxonomy),Human,Man, Modern,Modern Man

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