Modulation of two types of jaw-opening reflex by stimulation of the red nucleus. 2013

Yoshihide Satoh, and Eriko Yajima, and Ken'Ichi Ishizuka, and Yasuhiro Nagamine, and Shin-ichi Iwasaki
Department of Physiology, School of Life Dentistry at Niigata, The Nippon Dental University, 1-8 Hamaura-cho, Chuou-ku, Niigata 951-8580, Japan. ysatoh@ngt.ndu.ac.jp

The red nucleus (RN) is divided cytoarchitecturally into two parts, the parvicellular part (RPC) and the magnocellular part (RMC). The present study aims, first, to compare the effects of RN stimulation between low- and high-threshold afferents-evoked jaw opening reflexes (JORs), and secondly to compare the size of these effects in the RPC and RMC. Experiments were performed on rats anesthetized with urethane-chloralose. The JOR was evoked by electrical stimulation of the inferior alveolar nerve and was recorded as the electromyographic response of the anterior belly of the digastric muscle. The stimulus intensity was either 1.2 (low-threshold) or 4.0 (high-threshold) times that necessary to elicit the JOR. Conditioning electrical stimulation of the RN significantly facilitated the JOR evoked by the low-threshold afferents. On the other hand, conditioning electrical stimulation of the RN significantly suppressed the JOR evoked by the high-threshold afferents. Microinjection of monosodium glutamate into the RN also facilitated the JOR evoked by the low-threshold afferents, but suppressed that evoked by high-threshold afferents. Facilitation did not differ between the RMC and the RPC. Suppression by the RMC stimulation was significantly greater than that by the RPC stimulation. These results suggest that the RN has distinct functional roles in the control of the JOR.

UI MeSH Term Description Entries
D007568 Jaw Bony structure of the mouth that holds the teeth. It consists of the MANDIBLE and the MAXILLA. Jaws
D008297 Male Males
D008340 Mandibular Nerve A branch of the trigeminal (5th cranial) nerve. The mandibular nerve carries motor fibers to the muscles of mastication and sensory fibers to the teeth and gingivae, the face in the region of the mandible, and parts of the dura. Alveolar Nerve, Inferior,Auriculotemporal Nerve,Buccal Nerve,Deep Temporal Nerve,Lateral Pterygoid Nerve,Masseteric Nerve,Mental Nerve,Mylohyoid Nerve,Auriculotemporal Nerves,Buccal Nerves,Deep Temporal Nerves,Inferior Alveolar Nerve,Inferior Alveolar Nerves,Lateral Pterygoid Nerves,Mandibular Nerves,Masseteric Nerves,Mental Nerves,Mylohyoid Nerves,Nerve, Auriculotemporal,Nerve, Buccal,Nerve, Deep Temporal,Nerve, Inferior Alveolar,Nerve, Lateral Pterygoid,Nerve, Mandibular,Nerve, Masseteric,Nerve, Mental,Nerve, Mylohyoid,Pterygoid Nerve, Lateral,Pterygoid Nerves, Lateral,Temporal Nerve, Deep,Temporal Nerves, Deep
D012012 Red Nucleus A pinkish-yellow portion of the midbrain situated in the rostral mesencephalic tegmentum. It receives a large projection from the contralateral half of the CEREBELLUM via the superior cerebellar peduncle and a projection from the ipsilateral MOTOR CORTEX. Nucleus Ruber,Nucleus, Red
D012018 Reflex An involuntary movement or exercise of function in a part, excited in response to a stimulus applied to the periphery and transmitted to the brain or spinal cord.
D004558 Electric Stimulation Use of electric potential or currents to elicit biological responses. Stimulation, Electric,Electrical Stimulation,Electric Stimulations,Electrical Stimulations,Stimulation, Electrical,Stimulations, Electric,Stimulations, Electrical
D000818 Animals Unicellular or multicellular, heterotrophic organisms, that have sensation and the power of voluntary movement. Under the older five kingdom paradigm, Animalia was one of the kingdoms. Under the modern three domain model, Animalia represents one of the many groups in the domain EUKARYOTA. Animal,Metazoa,Animalia
D017207 Rats, Sprague-Dawley A strain of albino rat used widely for experimental purposes because of its calmness and ease of handling. It was developed by the Sprague-Dawley Animal Company. Holtzman Rat,Rats, Holtzman,Sprague-Dawley Rat,Rats, Sprague Dawley,Holtzman Rats,Rat, Holtzman,Rat, Sprague-Dawley,Sprague Dawley Rat,Sprague Dawley Rats,Sprague-Dawley Rats
D051381 Rats The common name for the genus Rattus. Rattus,Rats, Laboratory,Rats, Norway,Rattus norvegicus,Laboratory Rat,Laboratory Rats,Norway Rat,Norway Rats,Rat,Rat, Laboratory,Rat, Norway,norvegicus, Rattus
D018698 Glutamic Acid A non-essential amino acid naturally occurring in the L-form. Glutamic acid is the most common excitatory neurotransmitter in the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. Aluminum L-Glutamate,Glutamate,Potassium Glutamate,D-Glutamate,Glutamic Acid, (D)-Isomer,L-Glutamate,L-Glutamic Acid,Aluminum L Glutamate,D Glutamate,Glutamate, Potassium,L Glutamate,L Glutamic Acid,L-Glutamate, Aluminum

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